2004年航天活動列表
外观

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轨道发射 | |
---|---|
首次 | 1月11日 |
末次 | 12月26日 |
总计 | 54 |
成功 | 50 |
失败 | 1 |
部分失败 | 3 |
标识符 | 53 |
火箭 | |
处女航 | 阿丽亚娜5号5G+构型 德尔塔-4重型 联盟2.1a(亚轨道) |
退役 | 阿丽亚娜5号5G+构型 擎天神2AS 擎天神3A 擎天神5號521构型 |
载人航天 | |
轨道飞行次数 | 2 |
亚轨道飞行次数 | 3 |
载人航天人数合计 | 8 |
本文概述了2004年航天领域发生的重大事件,包括主要发射和舱外活动。
2004年创下了全球航天轨道发射次数的极小值,仅有54次。上一个比2004年发射次数更低的年份则要追溯至1961年(50次),当时人类首次进入太空。2004年后截至目前的年份,发射次数也均高于当年。
首次私人资助的载人航天飞行
[编辑]太空船一号(X0)的15P号飞行是首次私人资助的载人航天飞行。它于2004年6月21日进行。这是Tier One计划的第四次动力试飞,前三次试飞的高度都低得多。这次飞行只搭载了飞行员迈克·梅尔维尔,他因此成为第一位非政府宇航员。
德尔塔-4重型运载火箭首飞
[编辑]2004年12月21日,德尔塔-4重型运载火箭首次发射,携带了模拟载荷,发射任务以部分失败告终。液氧推进剂管线中的空化导致两个助推器提前八秒关闭,核心发动机提前九秒关闭;这导致一二级分离时速度过低,第二级无法补偿。最终载荷被留在比预期更低的轨道上。
轨道发射
[编辑]
已隱藏部分未翻譯内容,歡迎參與翻譯。
发射时间 (UTC) | 运载火箭 | 火箭编号 | 发射场 | 发射服务提供商 | |||
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有效载荷 (⚀ = 立方星) |
载荷用户 | 轨道 | 功能 | 再入时间 (UTC) | 结果 | ||
附注 | |||||||
January[编辑] | |||||||
11 January 04:13 |
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Estrela do Sul 1 (Telstar 14) | Geosynchronous | Communications | 在轨 | Operational Partial spacecraft failure | |||
One of the payload's solar panels did not deploy, and several transponders were disabled. Its replacement, Telstar 14R, launched in 2011, suffered a similar issue. | |||||||
29 January 11:58 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | Logistics | 3 June | Successful | ||
ISS flight 13P | |||||||
February[编辑] | |||||||
5 February 23:46 |
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SES Americom | Geosynchronous | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
14 February 18:50 |
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US Air Force | Geosynchronous | Missile warning | 在轨 | Operational | ||
18 February 07:05 |
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Molniya | Missile warning | 在轨 | Operational | |||
March[编辑] | |||||||
2 March 07:17 |
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ESA | Heliocentric | Comet probe | 30 September 2016 | Successful | ||
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ESA | Heliocentric | Comet lander | 9 July 2015 | Successful | ||
Maiden flight of Ariane 5G+ Studied the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko and asteroids 2867 Šteins and 21 Lutetia | |||||||
13 March 05:40 |
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MBSat | MBSAT | Geosynchronous | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
Final flight of Atlas IIIA | |||||||
15 March 23:06 |
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Eutelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
20 March 17:53 |
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US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | 在轨 | Operational | ||
27 March 03:30 |
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Russian military | Geosynchronous | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
April[编辑] | |||||||
16 April 00:45 |
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SCC | Geosynchronous | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
18 April 15:59 |
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University of Harbin | Low Earth | Land resource mapping | 在轨 | Operational | ||
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Tsinghua University | Low Earth | Earth imaging | 在轨 | Operational | ||
19 April 03:19 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS Expedition 9 | 24 October | Successful | ||
Crewed orbital flight with 3 cosmonauts | |||||||
20 April 16:57 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Test Einstein's Theory of relativity | 在轨 | Successful | ||
26 April 20:37 |
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RSCC | Geosynchronous | Communications | 在轨 | Decommissioned[1] | ||
May[编辑] | |||||||
4 May 12:42 |
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DirecTV | Geosynchronous | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
17 May 11:12 |
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CSXT | Suborbital | Test spacecraft | 17 May | Successful | ||
First amateur space launch (apogee: 116 km)[2] | |||||||
19 May 22:22 |
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SES Americom | Geosynchronous | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
20 May 17:47 |
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NSPO | Low Earth | Earth imaging | 在轨 | Operational | ||
25 May 12:34 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | Logistics | 30 July | Successful | ||
ISS flight 14P | |||||||
28 May 06:00 |
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VMF | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 在轨 | Operational | ||
June[编辑] | |||||||
10 June 01:28 |
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VKS | Low Earth | Signals intelligence | 在轨 | Operational | ||
16 June 22:27 |
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Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
21 June 14:47 |
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Scaled Composites | Suborbital | Test spacecraft | 21 June | Successful | ||
Crewed sub-orbital flight with 1 astronaut (Mike Melvill) First privately funded crewed spaceflight Maiden flight of SpaceShipOne as a spacecraft | |||||||
23 June 22:54 |
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US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | 在轨 | Operational | ||
29 June 03:59 |
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Telstar 18 | Loral/Apstar | Intended: Geosynchronous Achieved: Medium Earth |
Communications | 在轨 | Partial launch failure | ||
Premature cutout left payload in useless orbit | |||||||
29 June 06:30 |
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LatinSat D (AprizeSat 2) | Aprize | Low Earth | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
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CNES | Low Earth | Seismology | 在轨 | Operational | ||
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RSRI | Low Earth | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
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RSRI | Low Earth | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
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RSRI | Low Earth | Earth imaging | 在轨 | Operational | ||
LatinSat C (AprizeSat 1) | Aprize | Low Earth | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
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Sapienza University of Rome | Low Earth | Technology development | 在轨 | Operational | ||
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AMSAT | Low Earth | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
July[编辑] | |||||||
15 July 10:02 |
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NASA | Sun-synchronous (A-train) | Atmospheric research | 在轨 | Operational | ||
18 July 00:44 |
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Telesat | Geosynchronous | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
22 July 17:46 |
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Low Earth | Navigation | 在轨 | Operational | |||
25 July 07:05 |
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CASC/ESA | High Earth (High-eccentricity) | Magnetosphere research | 在轨 | Operational | ||
August[编辑] | |||||||
3 August 07:18 |
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NASA | Mercurian | Mercury probe | 30 April 2015 | Successful | ||
Became the first spacecraft to orbit Mercury on 4 April 2011 | |||||||
4 August 22:32 |
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Hispasat | Geosynchronous | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
11 August 05:03 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | Logistics | 22 December | Successful | ||
ISS flight 15P | |||||||
29 August 07:50 |
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Geosynchronous | Earth imaging | 7 November 23:55 |
Successful | |||
31 August 23:17 |
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NRO | Geosynchronous | Classified | 在轨 | Operational | ||
Final flight of Atlas IIAS | |||||||
September[编辑] | |||||||
6 September 10:35 |
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Intended: Low Earth (retrograde) | Reconnaissance | T+270 | Launch failure | |||
Loss of control during third stage burn | |||||||
8 September 23:14 |
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CASC | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 在轨 | Operational | ||
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CASC | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 在轨 | Operational | ||
20 September 10:31 |
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ISRO | Geosynchronous | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
23 September 15:07 |
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Russian military | Low Earth | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
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Russian military | Low Earth | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
24 September 16:50 |
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Russian military | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 9 January 2005 | Failure | ||
Re-entry capsule could not be located | |||||||
27 September 08:00 |
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Low Earth | Earth imaging | 在轨 | Operational | |||
29 September 15:12 |
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Scaled Composites | Suborbital | Ansari X Prize qualification | 29 September | Successful | ||
Crewed sub-orbital flight with 1 astronaut (Mike Melvill) | |||||||
October[编辑] | |||||||
4 October 14:49 |
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Scaled Composites | Suborbital | Ansari X Prize qualification | 4 October | Successful | ||
Crewed sub-orbital flight with 1 astronaut (Brian Binnie) Final flight of SpaceShipOne | |||||||
14 October 03:06 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS Expedition 10 | 24 April 2005 | Successful | ||
Crewed orbital flight with 3 cosmonauts | |||||||
14 October 21:23 |
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SES Americom | Geosynchronous | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
19 October 01:20 |
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Geosynchronous | Weather satellite | 在轨 | Operational | |||
29 October 22:11 |
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RSCC | Geosynchronous | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
November[编辑] | |||||||
6 November 03:10 |
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Geosynchronous | Earth imaging | 在轨 | Operational | |||
6 November 05:39 |
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US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | 在轨 | Operational | ||
8 November 18:30 |
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Suborbital | Test carrier rocket | 8 November | Successful | |||
Maiden flight of Soyuz-2.1a | |||||||
18 November 10:45 |
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Low Earth | Earth observation | 在轨 | Operational | |||
20 November 17:16 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Gamma-ray research | 在轨 | Operational | ||
December[编辑] | |||||||
14 December | ![]() |
Sounding Rocket IV | ![]() |
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NSPO | Suborbital | Airglow research, technology test | 14 December | Successful | ||
Apogee: ~280 km(174 mi) | |||||||
17 December 12:07 |
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SES Americom | Geosynchronous | Communications | 在轨 | Operational | ||
18 December 16:26 |
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DGA | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 在轨 | Operational | ||
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INTA | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 在轨 | Operational | ||
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DGA | Low Earth | ELINT | 在轨 | Operational | ||
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DGA | Low Earth | ELINT | 在轨 | Operational | ||
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DGA | Low Earth | ELINT | 在轨 | Operational | ||
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DGA | Low Earth | ELINT | 在轨 | Operational | ||
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CNES | Sun-synchronous (A-train) | Aeronomy | 在轨 | Operational | ||
Final flight of Ariane 5G+ | |||||||
21 December 21:50 |
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US Air Force | Intended: Subsynchronous Actual: Medium Earth |
Test launch vehicle | 在轨 | Partial launch failure | ||
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US Air Force | Low Earth | Cloud imaging | 22 December | Satellite failure | ||
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US Air Force | Low Earth | Cloud imaging | 22 December | Satellite failure | ||
Maiden flight of Delta IV Heavy Premature cut-off of second stage (burn one) left all payloads in wrong orbits. Both nanosats failed to contact ground after separation | |||||||
22 December | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 22 December | Successful | ||
23 December 22:19 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | Logistics | 9 March 2005 | Successful | ||
ISS flight 16P | |||||||
24 December 11:20 |
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NKAU | Low Earth | Earth observation | 在轨 | Partial launch failure | ||
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NKAU | Low Earth | Earth observation | ||||
Both satellites placed into incorrect orbits due to premature third stage cutoff | |||||||
26 December 13:53 |
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KNITs | Medium Earth | Navigation | 在轨 | Operational | ||
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KNITs | Medium Earth | Navigation | 在轨 | Operational | ||
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KNITs | Medium Earth | Navigation | 在轨 | Operational |
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深空机动
[编辑]
已隱藏部分未翻譯内容,歡迎參與翻譯。
日期 (UTC) | 航天器 | 事件 | 备注 |
---|---|---|---|
2 January | Stardust | Flyby of 81P/Wild (Wild 2) | Dust collection (samples returned to Earth in 2006) |
3 January | Spirit | Landing on Mars | Gusev Crater |
24 January | Opportunity | Landing on Mars | Meridiani Planum |
4 February | Ulysses | 2nd flyby of Jupiter | |
19 May | Hayabusa | Flyby of the Earth | |
11 June | Cassini | Flyby of Phoebe | Closest approach: 2,000公里(1,200英里) |
1 July | Cassini | First orbiter of Saturn | Saturnian orbit injection |
8 September | Genesis | Capsule crash-landing on Earth | 0.4毫克(0.0062格令) of solar sample aboard |
26 October | Cassini | Flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 1,200公里(750英里) |
15 November | SMART-1 | Selenocentric orbit injection | First European Lunar mission |
13 December | Cassini | Flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 2,336公里(1,452英里) |
舱外活动
[编辑]
已隱藏部分未翻譯内容,歡迎參與翻譯。
开始时间 | 持续时间 | 结束时间 | 航天器 | 乘组 | 工作内容 | 备注 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
26 February 21:17 |
3 hours 55 minutes |
27 February 01:12 |
Expedition 8 ISS Pirs |
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Replaced microgravity experiment cassette containers, attached the Russian experiment Matryoshka to Zvezda, and removed a JAXA micro-meteor impact experiment.[4] | Reduced duration due a cooling system malfunction in Kaleri's spacesuit. |
24 June 21:56 |
14 minutes | 22:10 | Expedition 9 ISS Pirs |
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Spacewalk cut short due to a pressure problem in Fincke's prime oxygen tank in his spacesuit.[5][6] | Rescheduled for 30 June. |
30 June 21:19 |
5 hours 40 minutes |
1 July 02:59 |
Expedition 9 ISS Pirs |
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Replaced a Remote Power Controller (RPC) that failed in late April, causing a loss of power in Control Moment Gyroscope No. 2 (CMG 2).[5][7] | |
3 August 06:58 |
4 hours 30 minutes |
11:28 | Expedition 9 ISS Pirs |
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Removed laser retro reflectors from the Zvezda assembly compartment, and installed three updated laser retro reflectors and one internal videometer target in preparation for the Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV). Installed two antennas, and removed and replaced Kromka experiment packages.[5][8] | |
3 September 16:43 |
5 hours 20 minutes |
22:04 | Expedition 9 ISS Pirs |
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Replaced the Zarya Control Module flow control panel, installed four safety tether fairleads on Zarya's handrails, installed three communications antennas, and removed covers from the antennas.[5][9] |
轨道发射统计
[编辑]按国家(区域)
[编辑]- 中国: 8
- 欧洲: 3
- 印度: 1
- 以色列: 1
- 俄罗斯: 18
- 乌克兰: 7
- 美国: 16
国家(区域) | 发射数 | 成功数 | 失败数 | 部分 失败数 |
备注 | |
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8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | ||
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3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | ||
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1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
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1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
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18 | 18 | 0 | 0 | ||
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7 | 5 | 0 | 2 | ||
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16 | 15 | 0 | 1 | ||
总计 | 54 | 50 | 1 | 3 |
按火箭
[编辑]
已隱藏部分未翻譯内容,歡迎參與翻譯。
By family
[编辑]Family | Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
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Ariane | ![]() |
3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Atlas | ![]() |
6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta | ![]() |
8 | 7 | 0 | 1 | |
GSLV | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March | ![]() |
8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | |
Minotaur | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
R-7 | ![]() |
8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | |
R-14 | ![]() |
2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
R-36 | ![]() |
3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | |
Shavit | ![]() |
1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
Titan | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Universal Rocket | ![]() |
8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | |
Zenit | ![]() |
4 | 3 | 0 | 1 |
By type
[编辑]Rocket | Country | Family | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ariane 5 | ![]() |
Ariane | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Atlas II | ![]() |
Atlas | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | Final flight |
Atlas III | ![]() |
Atlas | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Atlas V | ![]() |
Atlas | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta II | ![]() |
Delta | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta IV | ![]() |
Delta | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
Dnepr | ![]() |
R-36 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
GSLV | ![]() |
GSLV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Kosmos | ![]() |
R-14 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 2 | ![]() |
Long March | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 3 | ![]() |
Long March | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 4 | ![]() |
Long March | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Molniya-M | ![]() |
R-7 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Proton-K | ![]() |
Universal Rocket | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
Proton-M | ![]() |
Universal Rocket | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
Shavit | ![]() |
Shavit | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
Soyuz-U | ![]() |
R-7 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
Soyuz-FG | ![]() |
R-7 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Taurus | ![]() |
Minotaur | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Titan IV | ![]() |
Titan | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Tsyklon | ![]() |
R-36 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Zenit | ![]() |
Zenit | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 |
By configuration
[编辑]Rocket | Country | Type | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ariane 5G+ | ![]() |
Ariane 5 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | Maiden and final flights |
Atlas IIAS | ![]() |
Atlas II | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | Final flight |
Atlas IIIA | ![]() |
Atlas III | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Final flight |
Atlas V 521 | ![]() |
Atlas V | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Final flight |
Delta II 7320 | ![]() |
Delta II | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta II 7920 | ![]() |
Delta II | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta II 7920-10L | ![]() |
Delta II | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta II 7925 | ![]() |
Delta II | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta II 7925H | ![]() |
Delta II | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta IV Heavy | ![]() |
Delta IV | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Maiden flight |
Dnepr | ![]() |
Dnepr | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
GSLV Mk I | ![]() |
GSLV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Kosmos-3M | ![]() |
Kosmos | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 2C | ![]() |
Long March 2 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 2D | ![]() |
Long March 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 3A | ![]() |
Long March 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 4B | ![]() |
Long March 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Molniya-M | ![]() |
Molniya-M | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Proton-K / DM-2 | ![]() |
Proton-K | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
Proton-M / Briz-M | ![]() |
Proton-M | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
Shavit-1 | ![]() |
Shavit | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
Soyuz-U | ![]() |
Soyuz-U | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
Soyuz-FG | ![]() |
Soyuz-FG | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Taurus 3120 | ![]() |
Taurus | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Titan IV-B (402B) / IUS | ![]() |
Titan IV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Tsyklon-2 | ![]() |
Tsyklon | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Tsyklon-3 | ![]() |
Tsyklon | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
Zenit-2 | ![]() |
Zenit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Zenit-3SL | ![]() |
Zenit | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
按发射场
[编辑]
已隱藏部分未翻譯内容,歡迎參與翻譯。
5
10
15
20
China
France
India
International waters
Israel
Kazakhstan
Russia
United States
Site | Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baikonur | ![]() |
17 | 17 | 0 | 0 | |
Cape Canaveral | ![]() |
13 | 12 | 0 | 1 | |
Jiuquan | ![]() |
3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Kourou | ![]() |
3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Ocean Odyssey | ![]() |
3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | |
Palmachim | ![]() |
1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
Plesetsk | ![]() |
5 | 4 | 0 | 1 | |
Satish Dhawan | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Taiyuan | ![]() |
3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Vandenberg | ![]() |
3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Xichang | ![]() |
2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Total | 54 | 50 | 1 | 3 |
按轨道
[编辑]
已隱藏部分未翻譯内容,歡迎參與翻譯。
5
10
15
20
25
30
- Transatmospheric
- Low Earth
- Low Earth (ISS)
- Low Earth (SSO)
- Low Earth (retrograde)
- Medium Earth
- Geosychronous
(transfer) - Inclined GSO
- High Earth
- Heliocentric
Orbital regime | Launches | Successes | Failures | Accidentally achieved |
Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Transatmospheric | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Low Earth | 23 | 22 | 1 | 0 | 6 to ISS |
Medium Earth / Molniya | 5 | 5 | 0 | 2 | |
Geosynchronous / GTO | 23 | 21 | 2 | 0 | |
High Earth / Lunar transfer | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Heliocentric / Planetary transfer | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Total | 54 | 51 | 3 | 2 |
参考
[编辑]- 中国国家航天局
- 中国探月网
- Encyclopedia Astronautica
- Gunter's Space Page - Chronology of Space Launches
- 日本宇宙航空研究開發機構
- Jonathan's Space Report(SatCat.txt与Launchlog.txt两项)
- Mission Set Database (NASA GFC)
- NASA
- NASA SpaceFlight.com
- Orbital Report News Agency's Launch Logs
- Space Calander (NASA JPL)
- Southwest Space Archive
- SPACE.com Launch Forecast
- SpaceFlightNow
- Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive
- U.S. Space Objects Registry
脚注
[编辑]- ^ National Space Science Data Center/World Data Center for Satellite Information. SPACEWARN Bulletin #629. NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA. 1 April 2006 [15 May 2021]. (原始内容存档于15 May 2021).
- ^ GoFast. Encyclopedia Astronautica. [12 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于5 January 2009). 已忽略未知参数
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(帮助) - ^ Chern, Jeng-Shing; Wu, Bill; Chen, Yen-Sen; Wu, An-Ming. Suborbital and low-thermospheric experiments using sounding rockets in Taiwan. Acta Astronautica. 2012, 70: 159–164. ISSN 0094-5765. doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2011.07.030.
- ^ NASA. Expedition 8 Spacewalks. NASA. 2004 [7 October 2008]. (原始内容存档于6 November 2008).
- ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 NASA. Expedition 9 Spacewalks. NASA. 2004 [7 October 2008]. (原始内容存档于6 November 2008).
- ^ NASA. International Space Station Status Report #04-32. NASA. 2004 [7 October 2008]. (原始内容存档于11 October 2008).
- ^ NASA. International Space Station Status Report #04-36. NASA. 2004 [7 October 2008]. (原始内容存档于6 November 2008).
- ^ NASA. International Space Station Status Report #04-43. NASA. 2004 [7 October 2008]. (原始内容存档于6 November 2008).
- ^ NASA. International Space Station Status Report #04-50. NASA. 2004 [7 October 2008]. (原始内容存档于6 November 2008).