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感知並回應

维基百科,自由的百科全书

感知並回應(Sense and respond)在控制理论中已使用了數十年之久,主要是在閉迴路系統中,會比較量測到的數值及理想值之間的差距,並且調整系統使兩者的差異越小越好。感知為控制系統中的感測器及回授迴路,回應則對應控制器

自1980年代初期,感知並回應也用來描述一些開迴路系統。

「感知並回應」是在1992年時開始用在商業概念上,最早是出現在美國管理協會的《Management Review》期刊中,一篇由Stephan H. Haeckel英语Stephan H. Haeckel所寫的文章中。這是Haeckel在IBM的Advanced Business Institute所發展出來的。

感知並回應是以精益原則為基礎,依循以下的URSLIMM原則:

  • U(understand customer value):瞭解顧客價值
  • R(remove waste):減少浪費
  • S(standardize):標準化
  • L(learn by doing):實作中學習
  • I(involve everyone):全員參與
  • M(measure what matters):量測重要的事物
  • M(manage performance visually):可視化的管理績效

参考文献

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  • 2010 “The Post-Industrial Manager,” Marketing Management Magazine, Fall, 2010, pp 24–32.
  • 2003 “Leading On Demand Businesses – Executives as Architects,” IBM Systems Journal, Vol 42, No 3, 2003, pp 405–413
  • 2003 “Making Meaning Out of Apparent Noise,” in Long Range Planning, April, 2004, Special Issue of articles from May 4, 2003 Wharton Conference “Peripheral Vision: Sensing and Acting on Weak Signals,” Vol 37/2 pp 181–189
  • 2000 “Managing Knowledge in Adaptive Enterprises,” Chapter in Knowledge Horizons: The Present and the Promise of Knowledge Management, edited by C. Despres and D. Chauvel, Butterworth-Heinemann
  • 1999 Adaptive Enterprise: Creating and Leading Sense-and-Respond Organizations, Harvard Business School Press
  • 1993 “Managing By Wire,” Harvard Business Review: Vol. 71, No. 5, September–October (with R.L. Nolan)
  • 1992 “From ‘Make and Sell’ to ‘Sense and Respond,’” Management Review, American Management Association, October