隨著鄂圖曼帝國失去了對戰爭的信心並最終談和,亞美尼亞軍隊趁機占領了大片區域,其中包括與喬治亞存在領土爭端的洛里地帶。[2]洛里自古以來便是亞美尼亞人的聚居地和領土,在公元九到十一世紀的巴格拉圖尼王朝時期,洛里是巴格拉圖尼家族分支統治的塔希爾-佐拉傑王國(英語:Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget)的核心領土。[29]但後來其被巴格拉季昂王朝治下的喬治亞王國吞併。1801年與喬治亞一同被俄羅斯帝國控制。當地的喬治亞人口極少,1914年僅有不到100人。而多數則是亞美尼亞人,超過41000人。[2]因此,10月26日,亞美尼亞駐梯弗里斯的外交大使阿沙克·馬扎里安(英語:Arshak Jamalyan)堅稱他們對洛里的主權要求無可爭議。新成立不久的亞美尼亞議會也致函喬治亞,希望能通過友好談判解決領土爭端。喬治亞人同意了亞美尼亞議會的提議,但要求亞美尼亞軍隊先一步撤退。亞美尼亞方面也同意了這一要求。[2]
早在穆茲羅斯停戰協定簽署之前,鄂圖曼帝國第九軍就占領了卡爾斯地區。條約簽訂後,奧斯曼第九軍被要求立刻撤軍,但作為交換,條約也允許他們在當地過冬到1919年。1919年1月7日,在英國的要求之下,第九軍撤回了戰前的俄奧邊界。[2]然而,卡爾斯地帶的主體民族仍是對亞塞拜然和鄂圖曼帝國抱有同情的穆斯林,他們對諸如喬治亞,亞美尼亞這種基督教國家的統治毫無興趣。1918年9月27日,卡爾斯成立了穆斯林全國委員會,主張卡爾斯自治甚至獨立。阿爾達漢,奧爾圖等地也建立了類似的組織[35]。另一方面,由於擔心亞美尼亞的領土進一步西擴,鄂圖曼帝國為穆斯林全國委員會提供了武器等支援。英國同樣對卡爾斯事態持觀望態度。受列強們曖昧態度的鼓舞,1918年12月1日,穆斯林全國委員會宣布西南高加索共和國(英語:Provisional National Government of the Southwestern Caucasus)成立,並得到了亞塞拜然和英國的支持。[36]
與鄰國的關係方面,儘管與喬治亞,亞美尼亞幾乎同時脫離外高加索民主聯邦共和國,宣告獨立,但亞美尼亞政府與兩國的關係卻極度緊張。與亞塞拜然尤為如此。在正面戰場上的兩年邊境衝突以外,兩國間還互相存在種族屠殺等戰爭暴行。亞美尼亞軍隊自1918年初開始有組織的對亞塞拜然人進行種族滅絕,摧毀了300個穆斯林村莊,殺害當地的成年男子,[27]在巴庫和布爾什維克一起發動了三月事件,殺害了數千亞塞拜然平民。亞塞拜然軍隊和奧斯曼軍隊聯手,也在幾年間大規模殺戮領土內外的亞美尼亞人,1918年就有2.5到4萬居住在亞塞拜然的亞美尼亞人罹難,51個亞美尼亞村莊僅剩4個,亞美尼亞婦女被綁架和姦污。[53]在巴庫的報復行動(即九月事件)最為駭人聽聞,亞塞拜然和土耳其穆斯林組成的高加索伊斯蘭軍(英語:Islamic Army of the Caucasus)對巴庫城內製造三月事件的布爾什維克,亞美尼亞人和無辜平民執行了報復性屠殺,[54]至少1.5萬亞美尼亞人遇難。[2]儘管在美國和喬治亞的組織和努力下,兩國最終在梯弗里斯簽訂了停戰協議,結束了尤其在贊格祖爾的敵對軍事行動,[27]但實質上戰爭直到亞塞拜然蘇維埃化才宣告結束。
亞塞拜然蘇維埃社會主義共和國成立後,蘇俄第十一軍(英語:11th Army (RSFSR))輕鬆控制了包括卡拉巴赫地帶的亞塞拜然全境,而贊格祖爾和納希切萬大部地區仍被亞美尼亞控制。為解決長期懸而未決的領土爭端,紅軍和亞塞拜然軍隊從1920年4月開始對兩地發動了多次試探性進攻。加列金·恩日傑(英語:Garegin Nzhdeh)領導的的民兵部隊成功抵擋住了這幾次攻勢。7月初,紅軍終於取得了一定進展,在納希切萬地帶撕開了一條走廊。亞美尼亞軍隊試圖發起反擊,但又遭遇了卡維德貝伊帶領的9000人的土耳其軍隊。凱末爾政府與蘇聯的合作讓亞美尼亞軍隊的反擊寸步難行,紅軍在7月末已經攻克了奧爾杜巴德,朱利法和納希切萬全境。1920年7月28日,納希切萬蘇維埃社會主義自治共和國(即納希切萬自治共和國的前身)在第十一軍的監護下宣布成立,面臨土耳其大兵壓境的亞美尼亞政府只能妥協。兩國在1920年8月10日簽訂了停火協議,恰好是《色佛爾條約》簽訂的同一天[77]。協議允許蘇俄紅軍暫時駐紮在贊格祖爾,卡拉巴赫,納希切萬三地。駐亞美尼亞特使鮑里斯·勒格朗(英語:Boris Legran)負責後續的談判事宜,兩國間的戰爭暫時結束。[51]
政府報刊的主要職責是公布並傳播政府和議會通過的法律、法令、決議與命令。亞美尼亞最主要的政府報刊是三日刊《政府公報》,從1918年9月到1920年7月均有出版。另一個官方報紙是《亞美尼亞民族委員會(英語:Armenian National Council (1917–18))通訊》,但出版時間極短。亞此外,亞美尼亞政府還曾短暫出版過一些隸屬於政府部門和科研單位的刊物。亞美尼亞國防部的官方出版物《戰士》是周刊形式,在1920年才開始出版,但隨後便在土耳其-亞美尼亞戰爭爆發後中斷。此外還有在1920年僅出版一期的《農業學報》,在葉里溫刊印出版的醫學刊物《衛生工作者》等。
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