模板:Infobox street/testcases

Many parameters

左右對比

{{Infobox street}}	{{Infobox street/sandbox}}
Avenue alt name Description of image 本地名稱 Native Name 原名 Former Name 命名緣由 namesake 類型 type 擁有者 Owner 維護者 Maint 道路長度 2公里（1.2英里） 道路寬度 1 隸屬 part of 地址 Address 地點 Location 郵政編碼 Postcode 附近地鐵車站 metro 座標 coordinates 起點 Start 主要路口 Junctions 終點 End 建造 委託 date 動工 date 竣工 date 落成 date 拆除日期 date 其他 設計者 x 聞名於 x 狀態 x 網站 x	Avenue alt name Description of image 本地名稱 Native Name 原名 Former Name 命名緣由 namesake 類型 type 擁有者 Owner 維護者 Maint 道路長度 2公里（1.2英里） 道路寬度 1 隸屬 part of 地址 Address 地點 Location 郵政編碼 Postcode 附近地鐵車站 metro 座標 coordinates 起點 Start 主要路口 Junctions 終點 End 建造 委託 date 動工 date 竣工 date 落成 date 拆除日期 date 其他 設計者 x 聞名於 x 狀態 x 網站 x

Pushkinskaya Square

左右對比

{{Infobox street}}

{{Infobox street/sandbox}}

Pushkinskaya Square 本地名稱 Пушкинская площадь（俄語） 地點 Moscow Central Administrative Okrug Tverskoy District 附近地鐵車站 Tverskaya Pushkinskaya Chekhovskaya 座標 55°45′56″N 36°37′21″E

Pushkinskaya Square 本地名稱 Пушкинская площадь（俄語） 道路長度 短腳註是維基百科條目中引用來源的一種方法。它是標準腳註與哈佛式括號引用的混合體。短腳註（通常帶有頁碼）顯示在在參考文獻章節（即放置{{reflist}}的位置），並通過{{Sfn}}等模板鏈接至完整的來源信息。這些完整引用通常出現在與腳註分開的另一個列表中。 請先閱讀Help:腳註，本指南基於其方法擴展。 使用理由 短腳註的優勢包括： 便於重複引用同一來源：無需重複完整信息，即可引用同一來源的不同部分。 源代碼更簡潔：完整引用集中在獨立章節，條目正文的源代碼更簡潔易讀。 統一管理完整引用：可一次性修改所有完整引用（但刪除來源時需同時移除正文的短腳註和參考文獻列表的完整引用）。 完整引用列表可按類型排序或作者姓氏排序。 概述 最常用的短腳註實現方式是：用{{sfn}}模板生成短腳註，用cite xxx系列模板生成完整引用。與英文維基不同，中文維基的引文格式1模板不會自動為{{sfn}}鏈接創建錨點，需手動添加|ref=harv才能生成錨點。默認錨點基於作者姓氏和年份生成，格式為：CITEREF作者姓氏出版年（如CITEREFElk1972）。「錨點」是鏈接跳轉的目標位置。在以下示例中，像這樣的行內引用會鏈接到「注釋」下的短腳註，而短腳註又會鏈接到參考文獻列表中的完整引用： 原始碼 效果 The brontosaurus is thin at one end.{{sfn|Elk|1972|p=5}} Then it becomes much thicker in the middle.{{sfn|Elk|1972|p=6}} The Norwegian Blue Parrot will not move if its feet are nailed to the perch.{{sfn|Praline|1969|p=12}} Its metabolic processes are a matter of interest only to historians.{{sfn|Praline|1969|p=16}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses |date=1972-11-16 |ref=harv}} * {{cite book |last=Praline |first=Eric |title=Dead Parrot sketch |date=1969-12-07 |ref=harv}} {{refend}} The brontosaurus is thin at one end. Then it becomes much thicker in the middle. The Norwegian Blue Parrot will not move if its feet are nailed to the perch. Its metabolic processes are a matter of interest only to historians. 腳註 參考文獻 Elk, Anne. Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]]. 1972-11-16.  Praline, Eric. Dead Parrot sketch. 1969-12-07.  如何創建短腳註 使用{{sfn}}模板 創建短腳註有幾種方法。最常用的是通過{{sfn}}模板以簡單標記鏈接到完整引用： 原始碼 效果 {{sfn|Elk|1972|p=5}} {{reflist}} 鏈接通常由作者姓氏和出版年份生成。對於多作者文獻，最多可傳遞四位作者的姓氏作為模板參數： 原始碼 效果 {{sfn|Jones|Smith|Hawthorne|1980|p=1}} {{reflist}} * {{cite book |last1=Jones |last2=Smith |last3=Hawthorne |title=Some Book |date=1980}} Jones; Smith; Hawthorne. Some Book. 1980.  {{sfn|Jones|Smith|Hawthorne|McDowell|1980|p=1}} {{reflist}} * {{cite book |last1=Jones |last2=Smith |last3=Hawthorne |last4=McDowell |last5=Dangerfield |title=Some Other Book |date=1980}} Jones; Smith; Hawthorne; McDowell; Dangerfield. Some Other Book. 1980.  {{sfnp}}模板用法與上例相同，區別在於會將年份置於括號內： 原始碼 效果 {{sfnp|Elk|1972|p=5}} {{reflist}} 使用{{harvnb}}模板 {{sfn}}模板是為簡化原有<ref>標籤內嵌套{{harvnb}}的流程而開發的。該方法仍可使用且見於許多現有條目： 原始碼 效果 <ref>{{harvnb|Elk|1972|p=5}}.</ref> {{reflist}} 此方法也適用於其他"harv"系列模板。這些模板以相同方式鏈接完整引用並接受相同參數，但格式略有差異。例如{{harvp}}會將年份置於括號內： 原始碼 效果 <ref>{{harvp|Elk|1972|p=5}}.</ref> {{reflist}} 手動創建 參見：Wikipedia:Citation templates and reference anchors 可通過創建自定義引用錨點，或拼接#CITEREF、作者姓氏和出版年份來手動鏈接完整引用。此方法較少使用： 原始碼 效果 <ref>[[#CITEREFElk1972|Elk 1972]], p.&nbsp;5.</ref> {{reflist}} 也可在<ref>標籤內直接放置無鏈接的短腳註： 原始碼 效果 <ref>Elk 1972, p. 5.</ref> {{reflist}} 合併引用 參見：Wikipedia:Citing sources § Bundling citations和Help:Citation merging {{sfnm}}模板支持在單條腳註中包含多個來源。{{harvnb}}模板或其他類似模板可通過分號或{{multiref}}模板手動合併： 原始碼 效果 {{sfnm |1a1=Elk |1y=1972 |1p=5 |2a1=Praline |2y=1969 |2p=12}} {{reflist}} <ref>{{harvnb|Elk|1972|p=5}}; {{harvnb|Praline|1969|p=12}}.</ref> {{reflist}} <ref>{{multiref | {{harvnb|Elk|1972|p=5}} | {{harvnb|Praline|1969|p=12}} }}</ref> {{reflist}} 參考文獻列表 腳註列表 腳註列表通過{{reflist}}模板或<references />標籤創建。部分僅使用短腳註的條目會手動設置較窄列寬（如{{reflist|20em}}）。通過{{sfn}}、{{sfnp}}、{{sfnm}}、標準<ref />標籤以及列表定義引用創建的參考文獻都會包含在同一列表中。 完整引用列表 參考文獻列表中的完整引用可手動格式化或使用引用模板。引用列表採用*標記的無序列表格式排版，條目可按作者姓氏排序。可通過{{refbegin}}和{{refend}}調整文本大小。參考文獻列表通常以單欄無縮進形式顯示。 原始碼 效果 {{refbegin}} *{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses |date=1972-11-16}} *{{cite book |last=Praline |first=Eric |title=[[Dead Parrot sketch]] |date=1969-12-07}} {{refend}} Elk, Anne. Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses. 1972-11-16.  Praline, Eric. Dead Parrot sketch. 1969-12-07.  鏈接 完整引用通常通過引用樣式1（CS1）和引用樣式2（CS2）模板創建。這些模板會自動根據作者姓氏和出版年份生成可鏈接的錨點。例如： {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |date=November 16, 1972 |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]]}} 允許在條目中使用{{sfn|Elk|1972}}等"簡短"引用模板。 當自動生成錨點可能引發衝突時，可手動使用{{sfnref}}或{{harvid}}創建錨點，主要適用於以下情況： 同姓氏的不同作者 作者姓氏未知 作者字段含特殊字符 同作者同年的多部作品 出版年份未知 無適用的CS1模板 同姓氏處理 當條目需要引用同姓氏作者同年份的不同作品時（例如引用精神分析學家安娜·弗洛伊德和西格蒙德·弗洛伊德的作品），需在完整引用的|ref=參數中設置自定義錨點。短腳註引用需採用相同結構，注意{{sfnref}}與{{sfn}}的參數需完全對應。 原始碼 效果 In 1928, [[Sigmund Freud]] wrote that "religious influence" was one of the primary goals of education.{{sfn|S. Freud|1928|pp=47-48}} In her first published book, [[Anna Freud]] proposed that the education of a child is never independent of the adults they depend upon.{{sfn|A. Freud|1928}} ===脚注=== {{reflist}} ===参考文献=== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book |last=Freud |first=Anna |date=1928 |title=Introduction to the Technique of Child Analysis |ref={{sfnref|A. Freud|1928}}}} * {{cite book |last=Freud |first=Sigmund |date=1928 |title=The Future of an Illusion |ref={{sfnref|S. Freud|1928}}}} {{refend}} In 1928, Sigmund Freud wrote that "religious influence" was one of the primary goals of education. In her first published book, Anna Freud proposed that the education of a child is never independent of the adults they depend upon. 腳註 參考文獻 Freud, Anna. Introduction to the Technique of Child Analysis. 1928.  Freud, Sigmund. The Future of an Illusion. 1928.  No author 原始碼 效果 On July 9, the ''[[Roswell Daily Record]]'' reported that no engine or metal parts had been found in the wreckage.{{sfn|"Harassed Rancher"|1947|p=C-1}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{cite news |title=Harassed Rancher Who Located 'Saucer' Sorry He Told About It |newspaper=[[Roswell Daily Record]] |date=1947-07-09 |ref={{sfnref|"Harassed Rancher"|1947}}}} On July 9, the Roswell Daily Record reported that no engine or metal parts had been found in the wreckage. 腳註 參考文獻 Harassed Rancher Who Located 'Saucer' Sorry He Told About It. Roswell Daily Record. 1947-07-09.  In the 1980s, [[Madonna]] was named "Artist of the Decade" by ''Billboard'' magazine.{{sfn|Dayton Daily News|1990|p=23}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{cite news |title=Michael, Madonna Top 'Billboard' Poll |newspaper=[[Dayton Daily News]] |date=1990-05-25 |ref={{sfnref|Dayton Daily News|1990}} }} In the 1980s, Madonna was named "Artist of the Decade" by Billboard magazine. 腳註 參考文獻 Michael, Madonna Top 'Billboard' Poll. Dayton Daily News. 1990-05-25.  The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is located in New York.{{sfn|MoMA|2023}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{cite web |date=2023 |website=MoMA.org |ref={{sfnref|MoMA|2023}} |title=Locations, Hours, and Admission |url= https://www.moma.org/visit/ }} The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is located in New York. 腳註 參考文獻 Locations, Hours, and Admission. MoMA.org. 2023.  同年份同作者處理 短腳註引用只需包含年份。完整引用可在|date=參數中使用年份或完整日期。大多數引用模板會從完整日期中提取年份來生成錨點。 當同作者在同一年份有多部作品時（無論使用完整日期或僅年份），系統會生成重複錨點。解決方法是在年份後添加小寫字母後綴。例如： {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses |date=November 16, 1972a}} {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Further Theory on Brontosauruses |date=December 20, 1972b}} 若日期採用YYYY-MM-DD格式，可在|year=參數中添加小寫字母： {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses |date=1972-11-16 |year=1972a}} {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Further Theory on Brontosauruses |date=1972-12-20 |year=1972b}} 無日期處理 當引用來源無日期時，完整引用可使用|date=n.d.參數，短腳註則用"n.d."替代日期： 原始碼 效果 This is a fact.{{sfn|Smith|n.d.}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{Citation |last=Smith |title=Title |date=n.d. |publisher=Publisher |mode=cs1}} This is a fact. 腳註 參考文獻 Smith. Title. Publisher. n.d.  當引用來源缺失日期、作者或標題時： 在|title=參數中用方括號註明來源描述 使用|date=n.d.參數 通過{{sfnref}}指定短腳註格式 原始碼 效果 This is a fact.{{sfn|[Description]|n.d.}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{Citation |title=[Description] |date=n.d. |publisher=Publisher |mode=cs1 |ref={{sfnref|[Description]|n.d.}} }} This is a fact. 腳註 參考文獻 [Description]. Publisher. n.d.  非CS1模板處理 對於CS1/CS2之外的引用模板（如vcite系列、{{Cite court}}和{{cite comic}}等），可能需要使用|ref=參數。極少數情況下，可通過{{wikicite}}為無模板的完整引用手動創建錨點。以1943年孟加拉饑荒條目為例，該處引用了印度政府地區糧食專員未公開但可公開獲取的手稿作為原始資料。由於維基百科允許使用未出版回憶錄作為資料來源的情況極少，沒有現成模板可直接匹配此類文獻： 原始碼 效果 Government sources privately admitted the shortfall was 2 million tons.{{sfn|Braund|1944|p=50}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{wikicite | ref = {{sfnref|Braund|1944}} | reference = Braund, H. B. L. (1944). ''Famine in Bengal'', typescript. British Library Doc D792.}} Government sources privately admitted the shortfall was 2 million tons. 腳註 參考文獻 Braund, H. B. L. (1944). Famine in Bengal, typescript. British Library Doc D792. 注釋說明 短腳註可通過多種方式置於注釋說明章節中。說明性注釋用於添加與主內容相關的解釋、評論或其他信息，通常需要單獨引用。技術實現上主要有兩種方式：既可將短腳註嵌套在說明性注釋內（維基百科稱為嵌套腳註），也可將短引證與說明內容合併為單條腳註。 嵌套腳註通常通過{{efn}}或{{refn}}模板實現。由於技術限制，部分標準維基標記元素（包括嵌套的<ref>...</ref>標籤）無法在<ref>...</ref>標籤內正常使用。例如<ref>說明性注釋<ref>Brown 2001</ref></ref>會觸發錯誤。而模板化寫法{{efn|说明性注释{{sfn|Brown|2001}} }}可正常實現嵌套效果。 嵌套腳註實現 本小節方法支持腳註嵌套，因說明性注釋使用了專為嵌套設計的模板。 在{{efn}}內嵌套 此方法通過{{efn}}創建說明性注釋，並在其中用{{sfn}}嵌套短腳註。 原始碼 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Muller|2005|p=23}}{{efn|But Muller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.{{sfn|Muller|2005|p=23}}}} But the Moon{{efn|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena.{{sfn|Braun|2001|p=63}}}} is not so big.{{sfn|Braun|2001|p=46}}{{efn|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Schmidt|2005|p=334}} ==注释== {{notelist}} ==引用== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{citation |last=Braun |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |year=2001}} * {{citation |last=Muller |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005}} * {{citation |last=Schmidt |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注釋 引用 參考文獻 Braun, The Moon, Penguin, 2001  Muller, The Sun, Oxford, 2005  Schmidt, The Universe, Random House, 2005  在{{refn}}內嵌套 此方法通過{{refn}}創建說明性注釋，並在其中用{{sfn}}嵌套短腳註。 原始碼 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Millerd|2005|p=23}}{{refn|group=lower-alpha|But Millerd points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.{{sfn|Millerd|2005|p=23}}}} But the Moon{{refn|group=lower-alpha|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena.{{sfn|Browne|2001|p=63}}}} is not so big.{{sfn|Browne|2001|p=46}}{{refn|group=lower-alpha|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Smithe|2005|p=334}} ==注释== {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} ==引用== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{citation |last=Browne |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |year=2001}} * {{citation |last=Millerd |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005}} * {{citation |last=Smithe |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注釋 引用 參考文獻 Browne, The Moon, Penguin, 2001  Millerd, The Sun, Oxford, 2005  Smithe, The Universe, Random House, 2005  合併腳註 含短引證的說明性注釋 此示例使用{{sfn}}和{{efn}}模板創建獨立注釋章節。由於說明性注釋不含嵌套引注，不存在技術障礙。 原始碼 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Miller|2005|p=23}}{{efn|But Miller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.}} But the Moon{{efn|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena – see, for example Jones, ''The Solar System'', MacMillan, 2005, p.&nbsp;623.}} is not so big.{{sfn|Brown|2001|p=46}}{{efn|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example, Peterson, ''Astronomy'', MacMillan, 2005, p.&nbsp;623.}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Smith|2005|p=334}} ==注释== {{notelist}} ==引用== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book |last=Brown |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |date=2001}} * {{cite book |last=Miller |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |date=2005}} * {{cite book |last=Smith |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |date=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注釋 引用 參考文獻 Brown. The Moon. Penguin. 2001.  Miller. The Sun. Oxford. 2005.  Smith. The Universe. Random House. 2005.  當說明性注釋與短腳註相互獨立時，仍可使用標準引用標籤實現。通過<ref>和<ref group=>創建獨立注釋章節。 原始碼 效果 The Sun is pretty big.<ref name=Foot01/><ref group=注 name=Note01/> But the Moon<ref group=注 name=Note02/> is not so big.<ref name=Foot02/><ref group=注 name=Note03/> The Sun is also quite hot.<ref name=Foot03/> ==注释== {{reflist|group=注|refs= <ref name=Note01>But Miller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.</ref> <ref name=Note02>The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena – see, for example Jones, ''The Solar System'', MacMillan, 2005, p.&nbsp;623.</ref> <ref name=Note03>Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example, Peterson, ''Astronomy'', MacMillan, 2005, p.&nbsp;623.</ref> }} ==引用== {{reflist|refs= <ref name=Foot01>Miller, p. 23</ref> <ref name=Foot02>Brown, p. 46</ref> <ref name=Foot03>Smith, p. 334</ref> }} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * Brown, ''The Moon'', Penguin. 2001. * Miller, ''The Sun'', Oxford, 2005. * Smith, ''The Universe'', Random House, 2005. {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注釋 引用 參考文獻 Brown, The Moon, Penguin. 2001. Miller, The Sun, Oxford, 2005. Smith, The Universe, Random House, 2005. 下方示例僅使用基礎維基文本語法和單列腳註。因說明性注釋不含嵌套引注，無技術限制。 原始碼 效果 The Sun is pretty big.<ref>Miller, p. 23. But Miller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.</ref> But the Moon<ref>The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena - see, for example Jones, ''The Solar System'', MacMillan, 2005, p 623.</ref> is not so big.<ref>Brown, p. 46. Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example Peterson, ''Astronomy'', MacMillan, 2005, p 623.</ref> The Sun is also quite hot. <ref>Smith, p. 334.</ref> ==脚注== <references /> ==参考文献== * Brown, ''The Moon'', Penguin. 2001. * Miller, ''The Sun'', Oxford, 2005. * Smith, ''The Universe'', Random House, 2005. The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 腳註 參考文獻 Brown, The Moon, Penguin. 2001. Miller, The Sun, Oxford, 2005. Smith, The Universe, Random House, 2005. 含括號引證的說明性注釋 此方法組合使用： {{sfn}}創建主腳註 {{efn}}創建說明性注釋 {{harv}}在說明性注釋內生成括號引證 需注意：正文中使用括號引證的方式已被棄用。 原始碼 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Mahler|2005|p=23}}{{efn|But Mahler points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars {{harv|Mahler|2005|p=23}}.}} But the Moon{{efn|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena {{harv|Brauner|2001|p=63}}.}} is not so big.{{sfn|Brauner|2001|p=46}}{{efn|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Ferrero|2005|p=334}} ==注释== {{notelist}} ==引用== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{citation |last=Brauner |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |year=2001}} * {{citation |last=Mahler |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005}} * {{citation |last=Ferrero |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注釋 引用 參考文獻 Brauner, The Moon, Penguin, 2001  Mahler, The Sun, Oxford, 2005  Ferrero, The Universe, Random House, 2005  列表定義的含引證注釋 此方法通過： {{sfn}}創建主腳註 {{efn}}配合{{notelist}}在"注釋"附錄創建列表定義的說明性注釋 {{harv}}在說明性注釋內生成嵌套鏈接 原始碼 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Mailer|2005|p=23}}{{efn|name="sun size"}} But the Moon{{efn|name="Selena"}} is not so big.{{sfn|Brawn|2001|p=46}}{{efn|name="moon size"}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Smythe|2005|p=334}} ===注释=== {{notelist |refs= {{efn|name="sun size"|But Mailer points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars. {{harv|Mailer|2005|p=23}}}} {{efn|name="Selena"|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena. {{harv|Brawn|2001|p=63}}}} {{efn|name="moon size"|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.}} }} {{notelist}} ===引用=== {{reflist}} ===参考文献=== {{refbegin}} * {{citation |last=Brawn |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |year=2001}} * {{citation |last=Mailer |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005}} * {{citation |last=Smythe |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注釋 引用 參考文獻 Brawn, The Moon, Penguin, 2001  Mailer, The Sun, Oxford, 2005  Smythe, The Universe, Random House, 2005  錯誤處理 涉及<ref>標籤的錯誤會自動顯示在條目、用戶頁、模板頁、分類頁、幫助頁和文件頁中。若需在討論頁等頁面顯示錯誤信息，請參閱引用顯示自定義幫助。 很可能出現短引證未鏈接到完整引證，或完整引證缺少對應短引證的情況。鏈接與錨點有時也可能不匹配。要捕捉這些錯誤，可使用User:Trappist the monk/HarvErrors腳本。當短引證找不到匹配的完整引證且無法立即解決時，可用{{Citation not found}}標記。 還可能出現短腳註ID重複導致HTML無效的情況。校驗和解決問題請參閱標記驗證幫助。 應用示例 以下特色條目展示了短腳註的標準用法： Method Example {{sfn}} for linked shortened footnotes Actuary (2023) {{harvnb}} for linked shortened footnotes Hoxne Hoard (2023) Manually created links Rosetta Stone (2023) Manually created anchors Battle of the Nile (2023) Un-linked shortened footnotes The Raven (2023) 參見 引證模板與參考錨點 參考文獻與頁碼處理 注釋 地點 Moscow Central Administrative Okrug Tverskoy District 附近地鐵車站 Tverskaya Pushkinskaya Chekhovskaya 座標 55°45′56″N 36°37′21″E

Alexanderplatz

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Alexanderplatz Panoramic view of Alexanderplatz in 2015 Location within Berlin 原名 Paradeplatz (18th century) Königsplatz (約1740–1805) 命名緣由 Alexander I of Russia 類型 Public square 面積 34,000 m2（370,000 sq ft） 隸屬 Bundesstraße 1 Bundesstraße 2 Bundesstraße 5 地點 Berlin, Germany 街區 Mitte 附近地鐵車站 Alexanderplatz 座標 52°31′18″N 13°24′48″E 主要路口 Alexanderstraße Karl-Marx-Allee Otto-Braun-Straße Bernhard-Weiß-Straße Karl-Liebknecht-Straße Memhardstraße Dircksenstraße Rathausstraße Grunerstraße

Alexanderplatz Panoramic view of Alexanderplatz in 2015 Location within Berlin 原名 Paradeplatz (18th century) Königsplatz (約1740–1805) 命名緣由 Alexander I of Russia 類型 Public square 道路長度 短腳註是維基百科條目中引用來源的一種方法。它是標準腳註與哈佛式括號引用的混合體。短腳註（通常帶有頁碼）顯示在在參考文獻章節（即放置{{reflist}}的位置），並通過{{Sfn}}等模板鏈接至完整的來源信息。這些完整引用通常出現在與腳註分開的另一個列表中。 請先閱讀Help:腳註，本指南基於其方法擴展。 使用理由 短腳註的優勢包括： 便於重複引用同一來源：無需重複完整信息，即可引用同一來源的不同部分。 源代碼更簡潔：完整引用集中在獨立章節，條目正文的源代碼更簡潔易讀。 統一管理完整引用：可一次性修改所有完整引用（但刪除來源時需同時移除正文的短腳註和參考文獻列表的完整引用）。 完整引用列表可按類型排序或作者姓氏排序。 概述 最常用的短腳註實現方式是：用{{sfn}}模板生成短腳註，用cite xxx系列模板生成完整引用。與英文維基不同，中文維基的引文格式1模板不會自動為{{sfn}}鏈接創建錨點，需手動添加|ref=harv才能生成錨點。默認錨點基於作者姓氏和年份生成，格式為：CITEREF作者姓氏出版年（如CITEREFElk1972）。「錨點」是鏈接跳轉的目標位置。在以下示例中，像這樣的行內引用會鏈接到「注釋」下的短腳註，而短腳註又會鏈接到參考文獻列表中的完整引用： 原始碼 效果 The brontosaurus is thin at one end.{{sfn|Elk|1972|p=5}} Then it becomes much thicker in the middle.{{sfn|Elk|1972|p=6}} The Norwegian Blue Parrot will not move if its feet are nailed to the perch.{{sfn|Praline|1969|p=12}} Its metabolic processes are a matter of interest only to historians.{{sfn|Praline|1969|p=16}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses |date=1972-11-16 |ref=harv}} * {{cite book |last=Praline |first=Eric |title=Dead Parrot sketch |date=1969-12-07 |ref=harv}} {{refend}} The brontosaurus is thin at one end. Then it becomes much thicker in the middle. The Norwegian Blue Parrot will not move if its feet are nailed to the perch. Its metabolic processes are a matter of interest only to historians. 腳註 參考文獻 Elk, Anne. Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]]. 1972-11-16.  Praline, Eric. Dead Parrot sketch. 1969-12-07.  如何創建短腳註 使用{{sfn}}模板 創建短腳註有幾種方法。最常用的是通過{{sfn}}模板以簡單標記鏈接到完整引用： 原始碼 效果 {{sfn|Elk|1972|p=5}} {{reflist}} 鏈接通常由作者姓氏和出版年份生成。對於多作者文獻，最多可傳遞四位作者的姓氏作為模板參數： 原始碼 效果 {{sfn|Jones|Smith|Hawthorne|1980|p=1}} {{reflist}} * {{cite book |last1=Jones |last2=Smith |last3=Hawthorne |title=Some Book |date=1980}} Jones; Smith; Hawthorne. Some Book. 1980.  {{sfn|Jones|Smith|Hawthorne|McDowell|1980|p=1}} {{reflist}} * {{cite book |last1=Jones |last2=Smith |last3=Hawthorne |last4=McDowell |last5=Dangerfield |title=Some Other Book |date=1980}} Jones; Smith; Hawthorne; McDowell; Dangerfield. Some Other Book. 1980.  {{sfnp}}模板用法與上例相同，區別在於會將年份置於括號內： 原始碼 效果 {{sfnp|Elk|1972|p=5}} {{reflist}} 使用{{harvnb}}模板 {{sfn}}模板是為簡化原有<ref>標籤內嵌套{{harvnb}}的流程而開發的。該方法仍可使用且見於許多現有條目： 原始碼 效果 <ref>{{harvnb|Elk|1972|p=5}}.</ref> {{reflist}} 此方法也適用於其他"harv"系列模板。這些模板以相同方式鏈接完整引用並接受相同參數，但格式略有差異。例如{{harvp}}會將年份置於括號內： 原始碼 效果 <ref>{{harvp|Elk|1972|p=5}}.</ref> {{reflist}} 手動創建 參見：Wikipedia:Citation templates and reference anchors 可通過創建自定義引用錨點，或拼接#CITEREF、作者姓氏和出版年份來手動鏈接完整引用。此方法較少使用： 原始碼 效果 <ref>[[#CITEREFElk1972|Elk 1972]], p.&nbsp;5.</ref> {{reflist}} 也可在<ref>標籤內直接放置無鏈接的短腳註： 原始碼 效果 <ref>Elk 1972, p. 5.</ref> {{reflist}} 合併引用 參見：Wikipedia:Citing sources § Bundling citations和Help:Citation merging {{sfnm}}模板支持在單條腳註中包含多個來源。{{harvnb}}模板或其他類似模板可通過分號或{{multiref}}模板手動合併： 原始碼 效果 {{sfnm |1a1=Elk |1y=1972 |1p=5 |2a1=Praline |2y=1969 |2p=12}} {{reflist}} <ref>{{harvnb|Elk|1972|p=5}}; {{harvnb|Praline|1969|p=12}}.</ref> {{reflist}} <ref>{{multiref | {{harvnb|Elk|1972|p=5}} | {{harvnb|Praline|1969|p=12}} }}</ref> {{reflist}} 參考文獻列表 腳註列表 腳註列表通過{{reflist}}模板或<references />標籤創建。部分僅使用短腳註的條目會手動設置較窄列寬（如{{reflist|20em}}）。通過{{sfn}}、{{sfnp}}、{{sfnm}}、標準<ref />標籤以及列表定義引用創建的參考文獻都會包含在同一列表中。 完整引用列表 參考文獻列表中的完整引用可手動格式化或使用引用模板。引用列表採用*標記的無序列表格式排版，條目可按作者姓氏排序。可通過{{refbegin}}和{{refend}}調整文本大小。參考文獻列表通常以單欄無縮進形式顯示。 原始碼 效果 {{refbegin}} *{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses |date=1972-11-16}} *{{cite book |last=Praline |first=Eric |title=[[Dead Parrot sketch]] |date=1969-12-07}} {{refend}} Elk, Anne. Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses. 1972-11-16.  Praline, Eric. Dead Parrot sketch. 1969-12-07.  鏈接 完整引用通常通過引用樣式1（CS1）和引用樣式2（CS2）模板創建。這些模板會自動根據作者姓氏和出版年份生成可鏈接的錨點。例如： {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |date=November 16, 1972 |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]]}} 允許在條目中使用{{sfn|Elk|1972}}等"簡短"引用模板。 當自動生成錨點可能引發衝突時，可手動使用{{sfnref}}或{{harvid}}創建錨點，主要適用於以下情況： 同姓氏的不同作者 作者姓氏未知 作者字段含特殊字符 同作者同年的多部作品 出版年份未知 無適用的CS1模板 同姓氏處理 當條目需要引用同姓氏作者同年份的不同作品時（例如引用精神分析學家安娜·弗洛伊德和西格蒙德·弗洛伊德的作品），需在完整引用的|ref=參數中設置自定義錨點。短腳註引用需採用相同結構，注意{{sfnref}}與{{sfn}}的參數需完全對應。 原始碼 效果 In 1928, [[Sigmund Freud]] wrote that "religious influence" was one of the primary goals of education.{{sfn|S. Freud|1928|pp=47-48}} In her first published book, [[Anna Freud]] proposed that the education of a child is never independent of the adults they depend upon.{{sfn|A. Freud|1928}} ===脚注=== {{reflist}} ===参考文献=== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book |last=Freud |first=Anna |date=1928 |title=Introduction to the Technique of Child Analysis |ref={{sfnref|A. Freud|1928}}}} * {{cite book |last=Freud |first=Sigmund |date=1928 |title=The Future of an Illusion |ref={{sfnref|S. Freud|1928}}}} {{refend}} In 1928, Sigmund Freud wrote that "religious influence" was one of the primary goals of education. In her first published book, Anna Freud proposed that the education of a child is never independent of the adults they depend upon. 腳註 參考文獻 Freud, Anna. Introduction to the Technique of Child Analysis. 1928.  Freud, Sigmund. The Future of an Illusion. 1928.  No author 原始碼 效果 On July 9, the ''[[Roswell Daily Record]]'' reported that no engine or metal parts had been found in the wreckage.{{sfn|"Harassed Rancher"|1947|p=C-1}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{cite news |title=Harassed Rancher Who Located 'Saucer' Sorry He Told About It |newspaper=[[Roswell Daily Record]] |date=1947-07-09 |ref={{sfnref|"Harassed Rancher"|1947}}}} On July 9, the Roswell Daily Record reported that no engine or metal parts had been found in the wreckage. 腳註 參考文獻 Harassed Rancher Who Located 'Saucer' Sorry He Told About It. Roswell Daily Record. 1947-07-09.  In the 1980s, [[Madonna]] was named "Artist of the Decade" by ''Billboard'' magazine.{{sfn|Dayton Daily News|1990|p=23}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{cite news |title=Michael, Madonna Top 'Billboard' Poll |newspaper=[[Dayton Daily News]] |date=1990-05-25 |ref={{sfnref|Dayton Daily News|1990}} }} In the 1980s, Madonna was named "Artist of the Decade" by Billboard magazine. 腳註 參考文獻 Michael, Madonna Top 'Billboard' Poll. Dayton Daily News. 1990-05-25.  The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is located in New York.{{sfn|MoMA|2023}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{cite web |date=2023 |website=MoMA.org |ref={{sfnref|MoMA|2023}} |title=Locations, Hours, and Admission |url= https://www.moma.org/visit/ }} The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is located in New York. 腳註 參考文獻 Locations, Hours, and Admission. MoMA.org. 2023.  同年份同作者處理 短腳註引用只需包含年份。完整引用可在|date=參數中使用年份或完整日期。大多數引用模板會從完整日期中提取年份來生成錨點。 當同作者在同一年份有多部作品時（無論使用完整日期或僅年份），系統會生成重複錨點。解決方法是在年份後添加小寫字母後綴。例如： {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses |date=November 16, 1972a}} {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Further Theory on Brontosauruses |date=December 20, 1972b}} 若日期採用YYYY-MM-DD格式，可在|year=參數中添加小寫字母： {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses |date=1972-11-16 |year=1972a}} {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Further Theory on Brontosauruses |date=1972-12-20 |year=1972b}} 無日期處理 當引用來源無日期時，完整引用可使用|date=n.d.參數，短腳註則用"n.d."替代日期： 原始碼 效果 This is a fact.{{sfn|Smith|n.d.}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{Citation |last=Smith |title=Title |date=n.d. |publisher=Publisher |mode=cs1}} This is a fact. 腳註 參考文獻 Smith. Title. Publisher. n.d.  當引用來源缺失日期、作者或標題時： 在|title=參數中用方括號註明來源描述 使用|date=n.d.參數 通過{{sfnref}}指定短腳註格式 原始碼 效果 This is a fact.{{sfn|[Description]|n.d.}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{Citation |title=[Description] |date=n.d. |publisher=Publisher |mode=cs1 |ref={{sfnref|[Description]|n.d.}} }} This is a fact. 腳註 參考文獻 [Description]. Publisher. n.d.  非CS1模板處理 對於CS1/CS2之外的引用模板（如vcite系列、{{Cite court}}和{{cite comic}}等），可能需要使用|ref=參數。極少數情況下，可通過{{wikicite}}為無模板的完整引用手動創建錨點。以1943年孟加拉饑荒條目為例，該處引用了印度政府地區糧食專員未公開但可公開獲取的手稿作為原始資料。由於維基百科允許使用未出版回憶錄作為資料來源的情況極少，沒有現成模板可直接匹配此類文獻： 原始碼 效果 Government sources privately admitted the shortfall was 2 million tons.{{sfn|Braund|1944|p=50}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{wikicite | ref = {{sfnref|Braund|1944}} | reference = Braund, H. B. L. (1944). ''Famine in Bengal'', typescript. British Library Doc D792.}} Government sources privately admitted the shortfall was 2 million tons. 腳註 參考文獻 Braund, H. B. L. (1944). Famine in Bengal, typescript. British Library Doc D792. 注釋說明 短腳註可通過多種方式置於注釋說明章節中。說明性注釋用於添加與主內容相關的解釋、評論或其他信息，通常需要單獨引用。技術實現上主要有兩種方式：既可將短腳註嵌套在說明性注釋內（維基百科稱為嵌套腳註），也可將短引證與說明內容合併為單條腳註。 嵌套腳註通常通過{{efn}}或{{refn}}模板實現。由於技術限制，部分標準維基標記元素（包括嵌套的<ref>...</ref>標籤）無法在<ref>...</ref>標籤內正常使用。例如<ref>說明性注釋<ref>Brown 2001</ref></ref>會觸發錯誤。而模板化寫法{{efn|说明性注释{{sfn|Brown|2001}} }}可正常實現嵌套效果。 嵌套腳註實現 本小節方法支持腳註嵌套，因說明性注釋使用了專為嵌套設計的模板。 在{{efn}}內嵌套 此方法通過{{efn}}創建說明性注釋，並在其中用{{sfn}}嵌套短腳註。 原始碼 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Muller|2005|p=23}}{{efn|But Muller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.{{sfn|Muller|2005|p=23}}}} But the Moon{{efn|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena.{{sfn|Braun|2001|p=63}}}} is not so big.{{sfn|Braun|2001|p=46}}{{efn|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Schmidt|2005|p=334}} ==注释== {{notelist}} ==引用== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{citation |last=Braun |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |year=2001}} * {{citation |last=Muller |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005}} * {{citation |last=Schmidt |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注釋 引用 參考文獻 Braun, The Moon, Penguin, 2001  Muller, The Sun, Oxford, 2005  Schmidt, The Universe, Random House, 2005  在{{refn}}內嵌套 此方法通過{{refn}}創建說明性注釋，並在其中用{{sfn}}嵌套短腳註。 原始碼 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Millerd|2005|p=23}}{{refn|group=lower-alpha|But Millerd points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.{{sfn|Millerd|2005|p=23}}}} But the Moon{{refn|group=lower-alpha|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena.{{sfn|Browne|2001|p=63}}}} is not so big.{{sfn|Browne|2001|p=46}}{{refn|group=lower-alpha|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Smithe|2005|p=334}} ==注释== {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} ==引用== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{citation |last=Browne |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |year=2001}} * {{citation |last=Millerd |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005}} * {{citation |last=Smithe |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注釋 引用 參考文獻 Browne, The Moon, Penguin, 2001  Millerd, The Sun, Oxford, 2005  Smithe, The Universe, Random House, 2005  合併腳註 含短引證的說明性注釋 此示例使用{{sfn}}和{{efn}}模板創建獨立注釋章節。由於說明性注釋不含嵌套引注，不存在技術障礙。 原始碼 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Miller|2005|p=23}}{{efn|But Miller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.}} But the Moon{{efn|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena – see, for example Jones, ''The Solar System'', MacMillan, 2005, p.&nbsp;623.}} is not so big.{{sfn|Brown|2001|p=46}}{{efn|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example, Peterson, ''Astronomy'', MacMillan, 2005, p.&nbsp;623.}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Smith|2005|p=334}} ==注释== {{notelist}} ==引用== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book |last=Brown |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |date=2001}} * {{cite book |last=Miller |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |date=2005}} * {{cite book |last=Smith |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |date=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注釋 引用 參考文獻 Brown. The Moon. Penguin. 2001.  Miller. The Sun. Oxford. 2005.  Smith. The Universe. Random House. 2005.  當說明性注釋與短腳註相互獨立時，仍可使用標準引用標籤實現。通過<ref>和<ref group=>創建獨立注釋章節。 原始碼 效果 The Sun is pretty big.<ref name=Foot01/><ref group=注 name=Note01/> But the Moon<ref group=注 name=Note02/> is not so big.<ref name=Foot02/><ref group=注 name=Note03/> The Sun is also quite hot.<ref name=Foot03/> ==注释== {{reflist|group=注|refs= <ref name=Note01>But Miller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.</ref> <ref name=Note02>The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena – see, for example Jones, ''The Solar System'', MacMillan, 2005, p.&nbsp;623.</ref> <ref name=Note03>Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example, Peterson, ''Astronomy'', MacMillan, 2005, p.&nbsp;623.</ref> }} ==引用== {{reflist|refs= <ref name=Foot01>Miller, p. 23</ref> <ref name=Foot02>Brown, p. 46</ref> <ref name=Foot03>Smith, p. 334</ref> }} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * Brown, ''The Moon'', Penguin. 2001. * Miller, ''The Sun'', Oxford, 2005. * Smith, ''The Universe'', Random House, 2005. {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注釋 引用 參考文獻 Brown, The Moon, Penguin. 2001. Miller, The Sun, Oxford, 2005. Smith, The Universe, Random House, 2005. 下方示例僅使用基礎維基文本語法和單列腳註。因說明性注釋不含嵌套引注，無技術限制。 原始碼 效果 The Sun is pretty big.<ref>Miller, p. 23. But Miller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.</ref> But the Moon<ref>The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena - see, for example Jones, ''The Solar System'', MacMillan, 2005, p 623.</ref> is not so big.<ref>Brown, p. 46. Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example Peterson, ''Astronomy'', MacMillan, 2005, p 623.</ref> The Sun is also quite hot. <ref>Smith, p. 334.</ref> ==脚注== <references /> ==参考文献== * Brown, ''The Moon'', Penguin. 2001. * Miller, ''The Sun'', Oxford, 2005. * Smith, ''The Universe'', Random House, 2005. The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 腳註 參考文獻 Brown, The Moon, Penguin. 2001. Miller, The Sun, Oxford, 2005. Smith, The Universe, Random House, 2005. 含括號引證的說明性注釋 此方法組合使用： {{sfn}}創建主腳註 {{efn}}創建說明性注釋 {{harv}}在說明性注釋內生成括號引證 需注意：正文中使用括號引證的方式已被棄用。 原始碼 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Mahler|2005|p=23}}{{efn|But Mahler points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars {{harv|Mahler|2005|p=23}}.}} But the Moon{{efn|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena {{harv|Brauner|2001|p=63}}.}} is not so big.{{sfn|Brauner|2001|p=46}}{{efn|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Ferrero|2005|p=334}} ==注释== {{notelist}} ==引用== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{citation |last=Brauner |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |year=2001}} * {{citation |last=Mahler |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005}} * {{citation |last=Ferrero |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注釋 引用 參考文獻 Brauner, The Moon, Penguin, 2001  Mahler, The Sun, Oxford, 2005  Ferrero, The Universe, Random House, 2005  列表定義的含引證注釋 此方法通過： {{sfn}}創建主腳註 {{efn}}配合{{notelist}}在"注釋"附錄創建列表定義的說明性注釋 {{harv}}在說明性注釋內生成嵌套鏈接 原始碼 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Mailer|2005|p=23}}{{efn|name="sun size"}} But the Moon{{efn|name="Selena"}} is not so big.{{sfn|Brawn|2001|p=46}}{{efn|name="moon size"}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Smythe|2005|p=334}} ===注释=== {{notelist |refs= {{efn|name="sun size"|But Mailer points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars. {{harv|Mailer|2005|p=23}}}} {{efn|name="Selena"|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena. {{harv|Brawn|2001|p=63}}}} {{efn|name="moon size"|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.}} }} {{notelist}} ===引用=== {{reflist}} ===参考文献=== {{refbegin}} * {{citation |last=Brawn |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |year=2001}} * {{citation |last=Mailer |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005}} * {{citation |last=Smythe |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注釋 引用 參考文獻 Brawn, The Moon, Penguin, 2001  Mailer, The Sun, Oxford, 2005  Smythe, The Universe, Random House, 2005  錯誤處理 涉及<ref>標籤的錯誤會自動顯示在條目、用戶頁、模板頁、分類頁、幫助頁和文件頁中。若需在討論頁等頁面顯示錯誤信息，請參閱引用顯示自定義幫助。 很可能出現短引證未鏈接到完整引證，或完整引證缺少對應短引證的情況。鏈接與錨點有時也可能不匹配。要捕捉這些錯誤，可使用User:Trappist the monk/HarvErrors腳本。當短引證找不到匹配的完整引證且無法立即解決時，可用{{Citation not found}}標記。 還可能出現短腳註ID重複導致HTML無效的情況。校驗和解決問題請參閱標記驗證幫助。 應用示例 以下特色條目展示了短腳註的標準用法： Method Example {{sfn}} for linked shortened footnotes Actuary (2023) {{harvnb}} for linked shortened footnotes Hoxne Hoard (2023) Manually created links Rosetta Stone (2023) Manually created anchors Battle of the Nile (2023) Un-linked shortened footnotes The Raven (2023) 參見 引證模板與參考錨點 參考文獻與頁碼處理 注釋 面積 34,000 m2（370,000 sq ft） 隸屬 Bundesstraße 1 Bundesstraße 2 Bundesstraße 5 地點 Berlin, Germany 街區 Mitte 附近地鐵車站 Alexanderplatz 座標 52°31′18″N 13°24′48″E 主要路口 Alexanderstraße Karl-Marx-Allee Otto-Braun-Straße Bernhard-Weiß-Straße Karl-Liebknecht-Straße Memhardstraße Dircksenstraße Rathausstraße Grunerstraße

42nd Street

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左右對比

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42nd Street Lincoln Highway (west of Broadway) New 42nd Street (8th to 7th Avenues) The pace, extensive transit connectivity, and theatrical tradition of 42nd Street between Seventh and Eighth Avenues have made this one of the best-known streets in the Times Square neighborhood and the Broadway Theater District in Midtown Manhattan. 維護者 NYCDOT 道路長度 3.2公里（2.0英里） 地點 Manhattan, New York City 郵政編碼 10036, 10018, 10017, 10168 West端 9A號紐約州州道 / West Side Highway in Hell's Kitchen East端 FDR Drive in Murray Hill / Midtown East 北 43rd Street (west of 1st Avenue) 48th Street (east of 1st Avenue) 南 41st Street (west of 6th Avenue) 40th Street (6th to 5th Avenues) 41st Street (east of 5th Avenue) 建造 委託 March 1811

42nd Street Lincoln Highway (west of Broadway) New 42nd Street (8th to 7th Avenues) The pace, extensive transit connectivity, and theatrical tradition of 42nd Street between Seventh and Eighth Avenues have made this one of the best-known streets in the Times Square neighborhood and the Broadway Theater District in Midtown Manhattan. 維護者 NYCDOT 道路長度 3.2公里（2.0英里） 地點 Manhattan, New York City 郵政編碼 10036, 10018, 10017, 10168 West端 9A號紐約州州道 / West Side Highway in Hell's Kitchen East端 FDR Drive in Murray Hill / Midtown East 北 43rd Street (west of 1st Avenue) 48th Street (east of 1st Avenue) 南 41st Street (west of 6th Avenue) 40th Street (6th to 5th Avenues) 41st Street (east of 5th Avenue) 建造 委託 March 1811

Infobox Hong Kong Road

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Infobox Macau street

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Infobox China Road

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Infobox Taiwan Road

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