模板:Infobox street/testcases

Many parameters

左右对比

{{Infobox street}}	{{Infobox street/sandbox}}
Avenue alt name Description of image 本地名称 Native Name 原名 Former Name 命名缘由 namesake 类型 type 拥有者 Owner 维护者 Maint 道路长度 2千米（1.2英里） 道路宽度 1 隶属 part of 地址 Address 地点 Location 邮政编码 Postcode 附近地铁车站 metro 座标 coordinates 起点 Start 主要路口 Junctions 终点 End 建造 委托 date 动工 date 竣工 date 落成 date 拆除日期 date 其他 设计者 x 闻名于 x 状态 x 网站 x	Avenue alt name Description of image 本地名称 Native Name 原名 Former Name 命名缘由 namesake 类型 type 拥有者 Owner 维护者 Maint 道路长度 2千米（1.2英里） 道路宽度 1 隶属 part of 地址 Address 地点 Location 邮政编码 Postcode 附近地铁车站 metro 座标 coordinates 起点 Start 主要路口 Junctions 终点 End 建造 委托 date 动工 date 竣工 date 落成 date 拆除日期 date 其他 设计者 x 闻名于 x 状态 x 网站 x

Pushkinskaya Square

左右对比

{{Infobox street}}

{{Infobox street/sandbox}}

Pushkinskaya Square 本地名称 Пушкинская площадь（俄语） 地点 Moscow Central Administrative Okrug Tverskoy District 附近地铁车站 Tverskaya Pushkinskaya Chekhovskaya 座标 55°45′56″N 36°37′21″E

Pushkinskaya Square 本地名称 Пушкинская площадь（俄语） 道路长度 短脚注是维基百科条目中引用来源的一种方法。它是标准脚注与哈佛式括号引用的混合体。短脚注（通常带有页码）显示在在参考文献章节（即放置{{reflist}}的位置），并通过{{Sfn}}等模板链接至完整的来源信息。这些完整引用通常出现在与脚注分开的另一个列表中。 请先阅读Help:脚注，本指南基于其方法扩展。 使用理由 短脚注的优势包括： 便于重复引用同一来源：无需重复完整信息，即可引用同一来源的不同部分。 源代码更简洁：完整引用集中在独立章节，条目正文的源代码更简洁易读。 统一管理完整引用：可一次性修改所有完整引用（但删除来源时需同时移除正文的短脚注和参考文献列表的完整引用）。 完整引用列表可按类型排序或作者姓氏排序。 概述 最常用的短脚注实现方式是：用{{sfn}}模板生成短脚注，用cite xxx系列模板生成完整引用。与英文维基不同，中文维基的引文格式1模板不会自动为{{sfn}}链接创建锚点，需手动添加|ref=harv才能生成锚点。默认锚点基于作者姓氏和年份生成，格式为：CITEREF作者姓氏出版年（如CITEREFElk1972）。“锚点”是链接跳转的目标位置。在以下示例中，像这样的行内引用会链接到“注释”下的短脚注，而短脚注又会链接到参考文献列表中的完整引用： 代码 效果 The brontosaurus is thin at one end.{{sfn|Elk|1972|p=5}} Then it becomes much thicker in the middle.{{sfn|Elk|1972|p=6}} The Norwegian Blue Parrot will not move if its feet are nailed to the perch.{{sfn|Praline|1969|p=12}} Its metabolic processes are a matter of interest only to historians.{{sfn|Praline|1969|p=16}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses |date=1972-11-16 |ref=harv}} * {{cite book |last=Praline |first=Eric |title=Dead Parrot sketch |date=1969-12-07 |ref=harv}} {{refend}} The brontosaurus is thin at one end. Then it becomes much thicker in the middle. The Norwegian Blue Parrot will not move if its feet are nailed to the perch. Its metabolic processes are a matter of interest only to historians. 脚注 参考文献 Elk, Anne. Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]]. 1972-11-16.  Praline, Eric. Dead Parrot sketch. 1969-12-07.  如何创建短脚注 使用{{sfn}}模板 创建短脚注有几种方法。最常用的是通过{{sfn}}模板以简单标记链接到完整引用： 代码 效果 {{sfn|Elk|1972|p=5}} {{reflist}} 链接通常由作者姓氏和出版年份生成。对于多作者文献，最多可传递四位作者的姓氏作为模板参数： 代码 效果 {{sfn|Jones|Smith|Hawthorne|1980|p=1}} {{reflist}} * {{cite book |last1=Jones |last2=Smith |last3=Hawthorne |title=Some Book |date=1980}} Jones; Smith; Hawthorne. Some Book. 1980.  {{sfn|Jones|Smith|Hawthorne|McDowell|1980|p=1}} {{reflist}} * {{cite book |last1=Jones |last2=Smith |last3=Hawthorne |last4=McDowell |last5=Dangerfield |title=Some Other Book |date=1980}} Jones; Smith; Hawthorne; McDowell; Dangerfield. Some Other Book. 1980.  {{sfnp}}模板用法与上例相同，区别在于会将年份置于括号内： 代码 效果 {{sfnp|Elk|1972|p=5}} {{reflist}} 使用{{harvnb}}模板 {{sfn}}模板是为简化原有<ref>标签内嵌套{{harvnb}}的流程而开发的。该方法仍可使用且见于许多现有条目： 代码 效果 <ref>{{harvnb|Elk|1972|p=5}}.</ref> {{reflist}} 此方法也适用于其他"harv"系列模板。这些模板以相同方式链接完整引用并接受相同参数，但格式略有差异。例如{{harvp}}会将年份置于括号内： 代码 效果 <ref>{{harvp|Elk|1972|p=5}}.</ref> {{reflist}} 手动创建 参见：Wikipedia:Citation templates and reference anchors 可通过创建自定义引用锚点，或拼接#CITEREF、作者姓氏和出版年份来手动链接完整引用。此方法较少使用： 代码 效果 <ref>[[#CITEREFElk1972|Elk 1972]], p.&nbsp;5.</ref> {{reflist}} 也可在<ref>标签内直接放置无链接的短脚注： 代码 效果 <ref>Elk 1972, p. 5.</ref> {{reflist}} 合并引用 参见：Wikipedia:Citing sources § Bundling citations和Help:Citation merging {{sfnm}}模板支持在单条脚注中包含多个来源。{{harvnb}}模板或其他类似模板可通过分号或{{multiref}}模板手动合并： 代码 效果 {{sfnm |1a1=Elk |1y=1972 |1p=5 |2a1=Praline |2y=1969 |2p=12}} {{reflist}} <ref>{{harvnb|Elk|1972|p=5}}; {{harvnb|Praline|1969|p=12}}.</ref> {{reflist}} <ref>{{multiref | {{harvnb|Elk|1972|p=5}} | {{harvnb|Praline|1969|p=12}} }}</ref> {{reflist}} 参考文献列表 脚注列表 脚注列表通过{{reflist}}模板或<references />标签创建。部分仅使用短脚注的条目会手动设置较窄列宽（如{{reflist|20em}}）。通过{{sfn}}、{{sfnp}}、{{sfnm}}、标准<ref />标签以及列表定义引用创建的参考文献都会包含在同一列表中。 完整引用列表 参考文献列表中的完整引用可手动格式化或使用引用模板。引用列表采用*标记的无序列表格式排版，条目可按作者姓氏排序。可通过{{refbegin}}和{{refend}}调整文本大小。参考文献列表通常以单栏无缩进形式显示。 代码 效果 {{refbegin}} *{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses |date=1972-11-16}} *{{cite book |last=Praline |first=Eric |title=[[Dead Parrot sketch]] |date=1969-12-07}} {{refend}} Elk, Anne. Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses. 1972-11-16.  Praline, Eric. Dead Parrot sketch. 1969-12-07.  链接 完整引用通常通过引用样式1（CS1）和引用样式2（CS2）模板创建。这些模板会自动根据作者姓氏和出版年份生成可链接的锚点。例如： {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |date=November 16, 1972 |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]]}} 允许在条目中使用{{sfn|Elk|1972}}等"简短"引用模板。 当自动生成锚点可能引发冲突时，可手动使用{{sfnref}}或{{harvid}}创建锚点，主要适用于以下情况： 同姓氏的不同作者 作者姓氏未知 作者字段含特殊字符 同作者同年的多部作品 出版年份未知 无适用的CS1模板 同姓氏处理 当条目需要引用同姓氏作者同年份的不同作品时（例如引用精神分析学家安娜·弗洛伊德和西格蒙德·弗洛伊德的作品），需在完整引用的|ref=参数中设置自定义锚点。短脚注引用需采用相同结构，注意{{sfnref}}与{{sfn}}的参数需完全对应。 代码 效果 In 1928, [[Sigmund Freud]] wrote that "religious influence" was one of the primary goals of education.{{sfn|S. Freud|1928|pp=47-48}} In her first published book, [[Anna Freud]] proposed that the education of a child is never independent of the adults they depend upon.{{sfn|A. Freud|1928}} ===脚注=== {{reflist}} ===参考文献=== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book |last=Freud |first=Anna |date=1928 |title=Introduction to the Technique of Child Analysis |ref={{sfnref|A. Freud|1928}}}} * {{cite book |last=Freud |first=Sigmund |date=1928 |title=The Future of an Illusion |ref={{sfnref|S. Freud|1928}}}} {{refend}} In 1928, Sigmund Freud wrote that "religious influence" was one of the primary goals of education. In her first published book, Anna Freud proposed that the education of a child is never independent of the adults they depend upon. 脚注 参考文献 Freud, Anna. Introduction to the Technique of Child Analysis. 1928.  Freud, Sigmund. The Future of an Illusion. 1928.  No author 代码 效果 On July 9, the ''[[Roswell Daily Record]]'' reported that no engine or metal parts had been found in the wreckage.{{sfn|"Harassed Rancher"|1947|p=C-1}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{cite news |title=Harassed Rancher Who Located 'Saucer' Sorry He Told About It |newspaper=[[Roswell Daily Record]] |date=1947-07-09 |ref={{sfnref|"Harassed Rancher"|1947}}}} On July 9, the Roswell Daily Record reported that no engine or metal parts had been found in the wreckage. 脚注 参考文献 Harassed Rancher Who Located 'Saucer' Sorry He Told About It. Roswell Daily Record. 1947-07-09.  In the 1980s, [[Madonna]] was named "Artist of the Decade" by ''Billboard'' magazine.{{sfn|Dayton Daily News|1990|p=23}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{cite news |title=Michael, Madonna Top 'Billboard' Poll |newspaper=[[Dayton Daily News]] |date=1990-05-25 |ref={{sfnref|Dayton Daily News|1990}} }} In the 1980s, Madonna was named "Artist of the Decade" by Billboard magazine. 脚注 参考文献 Michael, Madonna Top 'Billboard' Poll. Dayton Daily News. 1990-05-25.  The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is located in New York.{{sfn|MoMA|2023}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{cite web |date=2023 |website=MoMA.org |ref={{sfnref|MoMA|2023}} |title=Locations, Hours, and Admission |url= https://www.moma.org/visit/ }} The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is located in New York. 脚注 参考文献 Locations, Hours, and Admission. MoMA.org. 2023.  同年份同作者处理 短脚注引用只需包含年份。完整引用可在|date=参数中使用年份或完整日期。大多数引用模板会从完整日期中提取年份来生成锚点。 当同作者在同一年份有多部作品时（无论使用完整日期或仅年份），系统会生成重复锚点。解决方法是在年份后添加小写字母后缀。例如： {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses |date=November 16, 1972a}} {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Further Theory on Brontosauruses |date=December 20, 1972b}} 若日期采用YYYY-MM-DD格式，可在|year=参数中添加小写字母： {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses |date=1972-11-16 |year=1972a}} {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Further Theory on Brontosauruses |date=1972-12-20 |year=1972b}} 无日期处理 当引用来源无日期时，完整引用可使用|date=n.d.参数，短脚注则用"n.d."替代日期： 代码 效果 This is a fact.{{sfn|Smith|n.d.}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{Citation |last=Smith |title=Title |date=n.d. |publisher=Publisher |mode=cs1}} This is a fact. 脚注 参考文献 Smith. Title. Publisher. n.d.  当引用来源缺失日期、作者或标题时： 在|title=参数中用方括号注明来源描述 使用|date=n.d.参数 通过{{sfnref}}指定短脚注格式 代码 效果 This is a fact.{{sfn|[Description]|n.d.}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{Citation |title=[Description] |date=n.d. |publisher=Publisher |mode=cs1 |ref={{sfnref|[Description]|n.d.}} }} This is a fact. 脚注 参考文献 [Description]. Publisher. n.d.  非CS1模板处理 对于CS1/CS2之外的引用模板（如vcite系列、{{Cite court}}和{{cite comic}}等），可能需要使用|ref=参数。极少数情况下，可通过{{wikicite}}为无模板的完整引用手动创建锚点。以1943年孟加拉饥荒条目为例，该处引用了印度政府地区粮食专员未公开但可公开获取的手稿作为原始资料。由于维基百科允许使用未出版回忆录作为资料来源的情况极少，没有现成模板可直接匹配此类文献： 代码 效果 Government sources privately admitted the shortfall was 2 million tons.{{sfn|Braund|1944|p=50}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{wikicite | ref = {{sfnref|Braund|1944}} | reference = Braund, H. B. L. (1944). ''Famine in Bengal'', typescript. British Library Doc D792.}} Government sources privately admitted the shortfall was 2 million tons. 脚注 参考文献 Braund, H. B. L. (1944). Famine in Bengal, typescript. British Library Doc D792. 注释说明 短脚注可通过多种方式置于注释说明章节中。说明性注释用于添加与主内容相关的解释、评论或其他信息，通常需要单独引用。技术实现上主要有两种方式：既可将短脚注嵌套在说明性注释内（维基百科称为嵌套脚注），也可将短引证与说明内容合并为单条脚注。 嵌套脚注通常通过{{efn}}或{{refn}}模板实现。由于技术限制，部分标准维基标记元素（包括嵌套的<ref>...</ref>标签）无法在<ref>...</ref>标签内正常使用。例如<ref>说明性注释<ref>Brown 2001</ref></ref>会触发错误。而模板化写法{{efn|说明性注释{{sfn|Brown|2001}} }}可正常实现嵌套效果。 嵌套脚注实现 本小节方法支持脚注嵌套，因说明性注释使用了专为嵌套设计的模板。 在{{efn}}内嵌套 此方法通过{{efn}}创建说明性注释，并在其中用{{sfn}}嵌套短脚注。 代码 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Muller|2005|p=23}}{{efn|But Muller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.{{sfn|Muller|2005|p=23}}}} But the Moon{{efn|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena.{{sfn|Braun|2001|p=63}}}} is not so big.{{sfn|Braun|2001|p=46}}{{efn|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Schmidt|2005|p=334}} ==注释== {{notelist}} ==引用== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{citation |last=Braun |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |year=2001}} * {{citation |last=Muller |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005}} * {{citation |last=Schmidt |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注释 引用 参考文献 Braun, The Moon, Penguin, 2001  Muller, The Sun, Oxford, 2005  Schmidt, The Universe, Random House, 2005  在{{refn}}内嵌套 此方法通过{{refn}}创建说明性注释，并在其中用{{sfn}}嵌套短脚注。 代码 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Millerd|2005|p=23}}{{refn|group=lower-alpha|But Millerd points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.{{sfn|Millerd|2005|p=23}}}} But the Moon{{refn|group=lower-alpha|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena.{{sfn|Browne|2001|p=63}}}} is not so big.{{sfn|Browne|2001|p=46}}{{refn|group=lower-alpha|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Smithe|2005|p=334}} ==注释== {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} ==引用== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{citation |last=Browne |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |year=2001}} * {{citation |last=Millerd |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005}} * {{citation |last=Smithe |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注释 引用 参考文献 Browne, The Moon, Penguin, 2001  Millerd, The Sun, Oxford, 2005  Smithe, The Universe, Random House, 2005  合并脚注 含短引证的说明性注释 此示例使用{{sfn}}和{{efn}}模板创建独立注释章节。由于说明性注释不含嵌套引注，不存在技术障碍。 代码 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Miller|2005|p=23}}{{efn|But Miller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.}} But the Moon{{efn|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena – see, for example Jones, ''The Solar System'', MacMillan, 2005, p.&nbsp;623.}} is not so big.{{sfn|Brown|2001|p=46}}{{efn|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example, Peterson, ''Astronomy'', MacMillan, 2005, p.&nbsp;623.}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Smith|2005|p=334}} ==注释== {{notelist}} ==引用== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book |last=Brown |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |date=2001}} * {{cite book |last=Miller |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |date=2005}} * {{cite book |last=Smith |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |date=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注释 引用 参考文献 Brown. The Moon. Penguin. 2001.  Miller. The Sun. Oxford. 2005.  Smith. The Universe. Random House. 2005.  当说明性注释与短脚注相互独立时，仍可使用标准引用标签实现。通过<ref>和<ref group=>创建独立注释章节。 代码 效果 The Sun is pretty big.<ref name=Foot01/><ref group=注 name=Note01/> But the Moon<ref group=注 name=Note02/> is not so big.<ref name=Foot02/><ref group=注 name=Note03/> The Sun is also quite hot.<ref name=Foot03/> ==注释== {{reflist|group=注|refs= <ref name=Note01>But Miller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.</ref> <ref name=Note02>The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena – see, for example Jones, ''The Solar System'', MacMillan, 2005, p.&nbsp;623.</ref> <ref name=Note03>Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example, Peterson, ''Astronomy'', MacMillan, 2005, p.&nbsp;623.</ref> }} ==引用== {{reflist|refs= <ref name=Foot01>Miller, p. 23</ref> <ref name=Foot02>Brown, p. 46</ref> <ref name=Foot03>Smith, p. 334</ref> }} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * Brown, ''The Moon'', Penguin. 2001. * Miller, ''The Sun'', Oxford, 2005. * Smith, ''The Universe'', Random House, 2005. {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注释 引用 参考文献 Brown, The Moon, Penguin. 2001. Miller, The Sun, Oxford, 2005. Smith, The Universe, Random House, 2005. 下方示例仅使用基础维基文本语法和单列脚注。因说明性注释不含嵌套引注，无技术限制。 代码 效果 The Sun is pretty big.<ref>Miller, p. 23. But Miller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.</ref> But the Moon<ref>The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena - see, for example Jones, ''The Solar System'', MacMillan, 2005, p 623.</ref> is not so big.<ref>Brown, p. 46. Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example Peterson, ''Astronomy'', MacMillan, 2005, p 623.</ref> The Sun is also quite hot. <ref>Smith, p. 334.</ref> ==脚注== <references /> ==参考文献== * Brown, ''The Moon'', Penguin. 2001. * Miller, ''The Sun'', Oxford, 2005. * Smith, ''The Universe'', Random House, 2005. The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 脚注 参考文献 Brown, The Moon, Penguin. 2001. Miller, The Sun, Oxford, 2005. Smith, The Universe, Random House, 2005. 含括号引证的说明性注释 此方法组合使用： {{sfn}}创建主脚注 {{efn}}创建说明性注释 {{harv}}在说明性注释内生成括号引证 需注意：正文中使用括号引证的方式已被弃用。 代码 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Mahler|2005|p=23}}{{efn|But Mahler points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars {{harv|Mahler|2005|p=23}}.}} But the Moon{{efn|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena {{harv|Brauner|2001|p=63}}.}} is not so big.{{sfn|Brauner|2001|p=46}}{{efn|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Ferrero|2005|p=334}} ==注释== {{notelist}} ==引用== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{citation |last=Brauner |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |year=2001}} * {{citation |last=Mahler |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005}} * {{citation |last=Ferrero |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注释 引用 参考文献 Brauner, The Moon, Penguin, 2001  Mahler, The Sun, Oxford, 2005  Ferrero, The Universe, Random House, 2005  列表定义的含引证注释 此方法通过： {{sfn}}创建主脚注 {{efn}}配合{{notelist}}在"注释"附录创建列表定义的说明性注释 {{harv}}在说明性注释内生成嵌套链接 代码 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Mailer|2005|p=23}}{{efn|name="sun size"}} But the Moon{{efn|name="Selena"}} is not so big.{{sfn|Brawn|2001|p=46}}{{efn|name="moon size"}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Smythe|2005|p=334}} ===注释=== {{notelist |refs= {{efn|name="sun size"|But Mailer points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars. {{harv|Mailer|2005|p=23}}}} {{efn|name="Selena"|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena. {{harv|Brawn|2001|p=63}}}} {{efn|name="moon size"|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.}} }} {{notelist}} ===引用=== {{reflist}} ===参考文献=== {{refbegin}} * {{citation |last=Brawn |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |year=2001}} * {{citation |last=Mailer |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005}} * {{citation |last=Smythe |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注释 引用 参考文献 Brawn, The Moon, Penguin, 2001  Mailer, The Sun, Oxford, 2005  Smythe, The Universe, Random House, 2005  错误处理 涉及<ref>标签的错误会自动显示在条目、用户页、模板页、分类页、帮助页和文件页中。若需在讨论页等页面显示错误信息，请参阅引用显示自定义帮助。 很可能出现短引证未链接到完整引证，或完整引证缺少对应短引证的情况。链接与锚点有时也可能不匹配。要捕捉这些错误，可使用User:Trappist the monk/HarvErrors脚本。当短引证找不到匹配的完整引证且无法立即解决时，可用{{Citation not found}}标记。 还可能出现短脚注ID重复导致HTML无效的情况。校验和解决问题请参阅标记验证帮助。 应用示例 以下特色条目展示了短脚注的标准用法： Method Example {{sfn}} for linked shortened footnotes Actuary (2023) {{harvnb}} for linked shortened footnotes Hoxne Hoard (2023) Manually created links Rosetta Stone (2023) Manually created anchors Battle of the Nile (2023) Un-linked shortened footnotes The Raven (2023) 参见 引证模板与参考锚点 参考文献与页码处理 注释 地点 Moscow Central Administrative Okrug Tverskoy District 附近地铁车站 Tverskaya Pushkinskaya Chekhovskaya 座标 55°45′56″N 36°37′21″E

Alexanderplatz

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Alexanderplatz Panoramic view of Alexanderplatz in 2015 Location within Berlin 原名 Paradeplatz (18th century) Königsplatz (约1740–1805) 命名缘由 Alexander I of Russia 类型 Public square 面积 34,000 m2（370,000 sq ft） 隶属 Bundesstraße 1 Bundesstraße 2 Bundesstraße 5 地点 Berlin, Germany 街区 Mitte 附近地铁车站 Alexanderplatz 座标 52°31′18″N 13°24′48″E 主要路口 Alexanderstraße Karl-Marx-Allee Otto-Braun-Straße Bernhard-Weiß-Straße Karl-Liebknecht-Straße Memhardstraße Dircksenstraße Rathausstraße Grunerstraße

Alexanderplatz Panoramic view of Alexanderplatz in 2015 Location within Berlin 原名 Paradeplatz (18th century) Königsplatz (约1740–1805) 命名缘由 Alexander I of Russia 类型 Public square 道路长度 短脚注是维基百科条目中引用来源的一种方法。它是标准脚注与哈佛式括号引用的混合体。短脚注（通常带有页码）显示在在参考文献章节（即放置{{reflist}}的位置），并通过{{Sfn}}等模板链接至完整的来源信息。这些完整引用通常出现在与脚注分开的另一个列表中。 请先阅读Help:脚注，本指南基于其方法扩展。 使用理由 短脚注的优势包括： 便于重复引用同一来源：无需重复完整信息，即可引用同一来源的不同部分。 源代码更简洁：完整引用集中在独立章节，条目正文的源代码更简洁易读。 统一管理完整引用：可一次性修改所有完整引用（但删除来源时需同时移除正文的短脚注和参考文献列表的完整引用）。 完整引用列表可按类型排序或作者姓氏排序。 概述 最常用的短脚注实现方式是：用{{sfn}}模板生成短脚注，用cite xxx系列模板生成完整引用。与英文维基不同，中文维基的引文格式1模板不会自动为{{sfn}}链接创建锚点，需手动添加|ref=harv才能生成锚点。默认锚点基于作者姓氏和年份生成，格式为：CITEREF作者姓氏出版年（如CITEREFElk1972）。“锚点”是链接跳转的目标位置。在以下示例中，像这样的行内引用会链接到“注释”下的短脚注，而短脚注又会链接到参考文献列表中的完整引用： 代码 效果 The brontosaurus is thin at one end.{{sfn|Elk|1972|p=5}} Then it becomes much thicker in the middle.{{sfn|Elk|1972|p=6}} The Norwegian Blue Parrot will not move if its feet are nailed to the perch.{{sfn|Praline|1969|p=12}} Its metabolic processes are a matter of interest only to historians.{{sfn|Praline|1969|p=16}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses |date=1972-11-16 |ref=harv}} * {{cite book |last=Praline |first=Eric |title=Dead Parrot sketch |date=1969-12-07 |ref=harv}} {{refend}} The brontosaurus is thin at one end. Then it becomes much thicker in the middle. The Norwegian Blue Parrot will not move if its feet are nailed to the perch. Its metabolic processes are a matter of interest only to historians. 脚注 参考文献 Elk, Anne. Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]]. 1972-11-16.  Praline, Eric. Dead Parrot sketch. 1969-12-07.  如何创建短脚注 使用{{sfn}}模板 创建短脚注有几种方法。最常用的是通过{{sfn}}模板以简单标记链接到完整引用： 代码 效果 {{sfn|Elk|1972|p=5}} {{reflist}} 链接通常由作者姓氏和出版年份生成。对于多作者文献，最多可传递四位作者的姓氏作为模板参数： 代码 效果 {{sfn|Jones|Smith|Hawthorne|1980|p=1}} {{reflist}} * {{cite book |last1=Jones |last2=Smith |last3=Hawthorne |title=Some Book |date=1980}} Jones; Smith; Hawthorne. Some Book. 1980.  {{sfn|Jones|Smith|Hawthorne|McDowell|1980|p=1}} {{reflist}} * {{cite book |last1=Jones |last2=Smith |last3=Hawthorne |last4=McDowell |last5=Dangerfield |title=Some Other Book |date=1980}} Jones; Smith; Hawthorne; McDowell; Dangerfield. Some Other Book. 1980.  {{sfnp}}模板用法与上例相同，区别在于会将年份置于括号内： 代码 效果 {{sfnp|Elk|1972|p=5}} {{reflist}} 使用{{harvnb}}模板 {{sfn}}模板是为简化原有<ref>标签内嵌套{{harvnb}}的流程而开发的。该方法仍可使用且见于许多现有条目： 代码 效果 <ref>{{harvnb|Elk|1972|p=5}}.</ref> {{reflist}} 此方法也适用于其他"harv"系列模板。这些模板以相同方式链接完整引用并接受相同参数，但格式略有差异。例如{{harvp}}会将年份置于括号内： 代码 效果 <ref>{{harvp|Elk|1972|p=5}}.</ref> {{reflist}} 手动创建 参见：Wikipedia:Citation templates and reference anchors 可通过创建自定义引用锚点，或拼接#CITEREF、作者姓氏和出版年份来手动链接完整引用。此方法较少使用： 代码 效果 <ref>[[#CITEREFElk1972|Elk 1972]], p.&nbsp;5.</ref> {{reflist}} 也可在<ref>标签内直接放置无链接的短脚注： 代码 效果 <ref>Elk 1972, p. 5.</ref> {{reflist}} 合并引用 参见：Wikipedia:Citing sources § Bundling citations和Help:Citation merging {{sfnm}}模板支持在单条脚注中包含多个来源。{{harvnb}}模板或其他类似模板可通过分号或{{multiref}}模板手动合并： 代码 效果 {{sfnm |1a1=Elk |1y=1972 |1p=5 |2a1=Praline |2y=1969 |2p=12}} {{reflist}} <ref>{{harvnb|Elk|1972|p=5}}; {{harvnb|Praline|1969|p=12}}.</ref> {{reflist}} <ref>{{multiref | {{harvnb|Elk|1972|p=5}} | {{harvnb|Praline|1969|p=12}} }}</ref> {{reflist}} 参考文献列表 脚注列表 脚注列表通过{{reflist}}模板或<references />标签创建。部分仅使用短脚注的条目会手动设置较窄列宽（如{{reflist|20em}}）。通过{{sfn}}、{{sfnp}}、{{sfnm}}、标准<ref />标签以及列表定义引用创建的参考文献都会包含在同一列表中。 完整引用列表 参考文献列表中的完整引用可手动格式化或使用引用模板。引用列表采用*标记的无序列表格式排版，条目可按作者姓氏排序。可通过{{refbegin}}和{{refend}}调整文本大小。参考文献列表通常以单栏无缩进形式显示。 代码 效果 {{refbegin}} *{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses |date=1972-11-16}} *{{cite book |last=Praline |first=Eric |title=[[Dead Parrot sketch]] |date=1969-12-07}} {{refend}} Elk, Anne. Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses. 1972-11-16.  Praline, Eric. Dead Parrot sketch. 1969-12-07.  链接 完整引用通常通过引用样式1（CS1）和引用样式2（CS2）模板创建。这些模板会自动根据作者姓氏和出版年份生成可链接的锚点。例如： {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |date=November 16, 1972 |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]]}} 允许在条目中使用{{sfn|Elk|1972}}等"简短"引用模板。 当自动生成锚点可能引发冲突时，可手动使用{{sfnref}}或{{harvid}}创建锚点，主要适用于以下情况： 同姓氏的不同作者 作者姓氏未知 作者字段含特殊字符 同作者同年的多部作品 出版年份未知 无适用的CS1模板 同姓氏处理 当条目需要引用同姓氏作者同年份的不同作品时（例如引用精神分析学家安娜·弗洛伊德和西格蒙德·弗洛伊德的作品），需在完整引用的|ref=参数中设置自定义锚点。短脚注引用需采用相同结构，注意{{sfnref}}与{{sfn}}的参数需完全对应。 代码 效果 In 1928, [[Sigmund Freud]] wrote that "religious influence" was one of the primary goals of education.{{sfn|S. Freud|1928|pp=47-48}} In her first published book, [[Anna Freud]] proposed that the education of a child is never independent of the adults they depend upon.{{sfn|A. Freud|1928}} ===脚注=== {{reflist}} ===参考文献=== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book |last=Freud |first=Anna |date=1928 |title=Introduction to the Technique of Child Analysis |ref={{sfnref|A. Freud|1928}}}} * {{cite book |last=Freud |first=Sigmund |date=1928 |title=The Future of an Illusion |ref={{sfnref|S. Freud|1928}}}} {{refend}} In 1928, Sigmund Freud wrote that "religious influence" was one of the primary goals of education. In her first published book, Anna Freud proposed that the education of a child is never independent of the adults they depend upon. 脚注 参考文献 Freud, Anna. Introduction to the Technique of Child Analysis. 1928.  Freud, Sigmund. The Future of an Illusion. 1928.  No author 代码 效果 On July 9, the ''[[Roswell Daily Record]]'' reported that no engine or metal parts had been found in the wreckage.{{sfn|"Harassed Rancher"|1947|p=C-1}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{cite news |title=Harassed Rancher Who Located 'Saucer' Sorry He Told About It |newspaper=[[Roswell Daily Record]] |date=1947-07-09 |ref={{sfnref|"Harassed Rancher"|1947}}}} On July 9, the Roswell Daily Record reported that no engine or metal parts had been found in the wreckage. 脚注 参考文献 Harassed Rancher Who Located 'Saucer' Sorry He Told About It. Roswell Daily Record. 1947-07-09.  In the 1980s, [[Madonna]] was named "Artist of the Decade" by ''Billboard'' magazine.{{sfn|Dayton Daily News|1990|p=23}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{cite news |title=Michael, Madonna Top 'Billboard' Poll |newspaper=[[Dayton Daily News]] |date=1990-05-25 |ref={{sfnref|Dayton Daily News|1990}} }} In the 1980s, Madonna was named "Artist of the Decade" by Billboard magazine. 脚注 参考文献 Michael, Madonna Top 'Billboard' Poll. Dayton Daily News. 1990-05-25.  The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is located in New York.{{sfn|MoMA|2023}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{cite web |date=2023 |website=MoMA.org |ref={{sfnref|MoMA|2023}} |title=Locations, Hours, and Admission |url= https://www.moma.org/visit/ }} The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is located in New York. 脚注 参考文献 Locations, Hours, and Admission. MoMA.org. 2023.  同年份同作者处理 短脚注引用只需包含年份。完整引用可在|date=参数中使用年份或完整日期。大多数引用模板会从完整日期中提取年份来生成锚点。 当同作者在同一年份有多部作品时（无论使用完整日期或仅年份），系统会生成重复锚点。解决方法是在年份后添加小写字母后缀。例如： {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses |date=November 16, 1972a}} {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Further Theory on Brontosauruses |date=December 20, 1972b}} 若日期采用YYYY-MM-DD格式，可在|year=参数中添加小写字母： {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses |date=1972-11-16 |year=1972a}} {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=Anne Elk's Further Theory on Brontosauruses |date=1972-12-20 |year=1972b}} 无日期处理 当引用来源无日期时，完整引用可使用|date=n.d.参数，短脚注则用"n.d."替代日期： 代码 效果 This is a fact.{{sfn|Smith|n.d.}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{Citation |last=Smith |title=Title |date=n.d. |publisher=Publisher |mode=cs1}} This is a fact. 脚注 参考文献 Smith. Title. Publisher. n.d.  当引用来源缺失日期、作者或标题时： 在|title=参数中用方括号注明来源描述 使用|date=n.d.参数 通过{{sfnref}}指定短脚注格式 代码 效果 This is a fact.{{sfn|[Description]|n.d.}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{Citation |title=[Description] |date=n.d. |publisher=Publisher |mode=cs1 |ref={{sfnref|[Description]|n.d.}} }} This is a fact. 脚注 参考文献 [Description]. Publisher. n.d.  非CS1模板处理 对于CS1/CS2之外的引用模板（如vcite系列、{{Cite court}}和{{cite comic}}等），可能需要使用|ref=参数。极少数情况下，可通过{{wikicite}}为无模板的完整引用手动创建锚点。以1943年孟加拉饥荒条目为例，该处引用了印度政府地区粮食专员未公开但可公开获取的手稿作为原始资料。由于维基百科允许使用未出版回忆录作为资料来源的情况极少，没有现成模板可直接匹配此类文献： 代码 效果 Government sources privately admitted the shortfall was 2 million tons.{{sfn|Braund|1944|p=50}} ==脚注== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== * {{wikicite | ref = {{sfnref|Braund|1944}} | reference = Braund, H. B. L. (1944). ''Famine in Bengal'', typescript. British Library Doc D792.}} Government sources privately admitted the shortfall was 2 million tons. 脚注 参考文献 Braund, H. B. L. (1944). Famine in Bengal, typescript. British Library Doc D792. 注释说明 短脚注可通过多种方式置于注释说明章节中。说明性注释用于添加与主内容相关的解释、评论或其他信息，通常需要单独引用。技术实现上主要有两种方式：既可将短脚注嵌套在说明性注释内（维基百科称为嵌套脚注），也可将短引证与说明内容合并为单条脚注。 嵌套脚注通常通过{{efn}}或{{refn}}模板实现。由于技术限制，部分标准维基标记元素（包括嵌套的<ref>...</ref>标签）无法在<ref>...</ref>标签内正常使用。例如<ref>说明性注释<ref>Brown 2001</ref></ref>会触发错误。而模板化写法{{efn|说明性注释{{sfn|Brown|2001}} }}可正常实现嵌套效果。 嵌套脚注实现 本小节方法支持脚注嵌套，因说明性注释使用了专为嵌套设计的模板。 在{{efn}}内嵌套 此方法通过{{efn}}创建说明性注释，并在其中用{{sfn}}嵌套短脚注。 代码 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Muller|2005|p=23}}{{efn|But Muller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.{{sfn|Muller|2005|p=23}}}} But the Moon{{efn|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena.{{sfn|Braun|2001|p=63}}}} is not so big.{{sfn|Braun|2001|p=46}}{{efn|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Schmidt|2005|p=334}} ==注释== {{notelist}} ==引用== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{citation |last=Braun |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |year=2001}} * {{citation |last=Muller |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005}} * {{citation |last=Schmidt |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注释 引用 参考文献 Braun, The Moon, Penguin, 2001  Muller, The Sun, Oxford, 2005  Schmidt, The Universe, Random House, 2005  在{{refn}}内嵌套 此方法通过{{refn}}创建说明性注释，并在其中用{{sfn}}嵌套短脚注。 代码 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Millerd|2005|p=23}}{{refn|group=lower-alpha|But Millerd points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.{{sfn|Millerd|2005|p=23}}}} But the Moon{{refn|group=lower-alpha|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena.{{sfn|Browne|2001|p=63}}}} is not so big.{{sfn|Browne|2001|p=46}}{{refn|group=lower-alpha|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Smithe|2005|p=334}} ==注释== {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} ==引用== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{citation |last=Browne |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |year=2001}} * {{citation |last=Millerd |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005}} * {{citation |last=Smithe |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注释 引用 参考文献 Browne, The Moon, Penguin, 2001  Millerd, The Sun, Oxford, 2005  Smithe, The Universe, Random House, 2005  合并脚注 含短引证的说明性注释 此示例使用{{sfn}}和{{efn}}模板创建独立注释章节。由于说明性注释不含嵌套引注，不存在技术障碍。 代码 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Miller|2005|p=23}}{{efn|But Miller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.}} But the Moon{{efn|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena – see, for example Jones, ''The Solar System'', MacMillan, 2005, p.&nbsp;623.}} is not so big.{{sfn|Brown|2001|p=46}}{{efn|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example, Peterson, ''Astronomy'', MacMillan, 2005, p.&nbsp;623.}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Smith|2005|p=334}} ==注释== {{notelist}} ==引用== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book |last=Brown |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |date=2001}} * {{cite book |last=Miller |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |date=2005}} * {{cite book |last=Smith |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |date=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注释 引用 参考文献 Brown. The Moon. Penguin. 2001.  Miller. The Sun. Oxford. 2005.  Smith. The Universe. Random House. 2005.  当说明性注释与短脚注相互独立时，仍可使用标准引用标签实现。通过<ref>和<ref group=>创建独立注释章节。 代码 效果 The Sun is pretty big.<ref name=Foot01/><ref group=注 name=Note01/> But the Moon<ref group=注 name=Note02/> is not so big.<ref name=Foot02/><ref group=注 name=Note03/> The Sun is also quite hot.<ref name=Foot03/> ==注释== {{reflist|group=注|refs= <ref name=Note01>But Miller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.</ref> <ref name=Note02>The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena – see, for example Jones, ''The Solar System'', MacMillan, 2005, p.&nbsp;623.</ref> <ref name=Note03>Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example, Peterson, ''Astronomy'', MacMillan, 2005, p.&nbsp;623.</ref> }} ==引用== {{reflist|refs= <ref name=Foot01>Miller, p. 23</ref> <ref name=Foot02>Brown, p. 46</ref> <ref name=Foot03>Smith, p. 334</ref> }} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * Brown, ''The Moon'', Penguin. 2001. * Miller, ''The Sun'', Oxford, 2005. * Smith, ''The Universe'', Random House, 2005. {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注释 引用 参考文献 Brown, The Moon, Penguin. 2001. Miller, The Sun, Oxford, 2005. Smith, The Universe, Random House, 2005. 下方示例仅使用基础维基文本语法和单列脚注。因说明性注释不含嵌套引注，无技术限制。 代码 效果 The Sun is pretty big.<ref>Miller, p. 23. But Miller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.</ref> But the Moon<ref>The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena - see, for example Jones, ''The Solar System'', MacMillan, 2005, p 623.</ref> is not so big.<ref>Brown, p. 46. Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example Peterson, ''Astronomy'', MacMillan, 2005, p 623.</ref> The Sun is also quite hot. <ref>Smith, p. 334.</ref> ==脚注== <references /> ==参考文献== * Brown, ''The Moon'', Penguin. 2001. * Miller, ''The Sun'', Oxford, 2005. * Smith, ''The Universe'', Random House, 2005. The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 脚注 参考文献 Brown, The Moon, Penguin. 2001. Miller, The Sun, Oxford, 2005. Smith, The Universe, Random House, 2005. 含括号引证的说明性注释 此方法组合使用： {{sfn}}创建主脚注 {{efn}}创建说明性注释 {{harv}}在说明性注释内生成括号引证 需注意：正文中使用括号引证的方式已被弃用。 代码 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Mahler|2005|p=23}}{{efn|But Mahler points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars {{harv|Mahler|2005|p=23}}.}} But the Moon{{efn|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena {{harv|Brauner|2001|p=63}}.}} is not so big.{{sfn|Brauner|2001|p=46}}{{efn|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Ferrero|2005|p=334}} ==注释== {{notelist}} ==引用== {{reflist}} ==参考文献== {{refbegin}} * {{citation |last=Brauner |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |year=2001}} * {{citation |last=Mahler |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005}} * {{citation |last=Ferrero |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注释 引用 参考文献 Brauner, The Moon, Penguin, 2001  Mahler, The Sun, Oxford, 2005  Ferrero, The Universe, Random House, 2005  列表定义的含引证注释 此方法通过： {{sfn}}创建主脚注 {{efn}}配合{{notelist}}在"注释"附录创建列表定义的说明性注释 {{harv}}在说明性注释内生成嵌套链接 代码 效果 The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Mailer|2005|p=23}}{{efn|name="sun size"}} But the Moon{{efn|name="Selena"}} is not so big.{{sfn|Brawn|2001|p=46}}{{efn|name="moon size"}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Smythe|2005|p=334}} ===注释=== {{notelist |refs= {{efn|name="sun size"|But Mailer points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars. {{harv|Mailer|2005|p=23}}}} {{efn|name="Selena"|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena. {{harv|Brawn|2001|p=63}}}} {{efn|name="moon size"|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.}} }} {{notelist}} ===引用=== {{reflist}} ===参考文献=== {{refbegin}} * {{citation |last=Brawn |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |year=2001}} * {{citation |last=Mailer |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005}} * {{citation |last=Smythe |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005}} {{refend}} The Sun is pretty big. But the Moon is not so big. The Sun is also quite hot. 注释 引用 参考文献 Brawn, The Moon, Penguin, 2001  Mailer, The Sun, Oxford, 2005  Smythe, The Universe, Random House, 2005  错误处理 涉及<ref>标签的错误会自动显示在条目、用户页、模板页、分类页、帮助页和文件页中。若需在讨论页等页面显示错误信息，请参阅引用显示自定义帮助。 很可能出现短引证未链接到完整引证，或完整引证缺少对应短引证的情况。链接与锚点有时也可能不匹配。要捕捉这些错误，可使用User:Trappist the monk/HarvErrors脚本。当短引证找不到匹配的完整引证且无法立即解决时，可用{{Citation not found}}标记。 还可能出现短脚注ID重复导致HTML无效的情况。校验和解决问题请参阅标记验证帮助。 应用示例 以下特色条目展示了短脚注的标准用法： Method Example {{sfn}} for linked shortened footnotes Actuary (2023) {{harvnb}} for linked shortened footnotes Hoxne Hoard (2023) Manually created links Rosetta Stone (2023) Manually created anchors Battle of the Nile (2023) Un-linked shortened footnotes The Raven (2023) 参见 引证模板与参考锚点 参考文献与页码处理 注释 面积 34,000 m2（370,000 sq ft） 隶属 Bundesstraße 1 Bundesstraße 2 Bundesstraße 5 地点 Berlin, Germany 街区 Mitte 附近地铁车站 Alexanderplatz 座标 52°31′18″N 13°24′48″E 主要路口 Alexanderstraße Karl-Marx-Allee Otto-Braun-Straße Bernhard-Weiß-Straße Karl-Liebknecht-Straße Memhardstraße Dircksenstraße Rathausstraße Grunerstraße

42nd Street

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左右对比

{{Infobox street}}

{{Infobox street/sandbox}}

42nd Street Lincoln Highway (west of Broadway) New 42nd Street (8th to 7th Avenues) The pace, extensive transit connectivity, and theatrical tradition of 42nd Street between Seventh and Eighth Avenues have made this one of the best-known streets in the Times Square neighborhood and the Broadway Theater District in Midtown Manhattan. 维护者 NYCDOT 道路长度 3.2千米（2.0英里） 地点 Manhattan, New York City 邮政编码 10036, 10018, 10017, 10168 West端 9A号纽约州州道 / West Side Highway in Hell's Kitchen East端 FDR Drive in Murray Hill / Midtown East 北 43rd Street (west of 1st Avenue) 48th Street (east of 1st Avenue) 南 41st Street (west of 6th Avenue) 40th Street (6th to 5th Avenues) 41st Street (east of 5th Avenue) 建造 委托 March 1811

42nd Street Lincoln Highway (west of Broadway) New 42nd Street (8th to 7th Avenues) The pace, extensive transit connectivity, and theatrical tradition of 42nd Street between Seventh and Eighth Avenues have made this one of the best-known streets in the Times Square neighborhood and the Broadway Theater District in Midtown Manhattan. 维护者 NYCDOT 道路长度 3.2千米（2.0英里） 地点 Manhattan, New York City 邮政编码 10036, 10018, 10017, 10168 West端 9A号纽约州州道 / West Side Highway in Hell's Kitchen East端 FDR Drive in Murray Hill / Midtown East 北 43rd Street (west of 1st Avenue) 48th Street (east of 1st Avenue) 南 41st Street (west of 6th Avenue) 40th Street (6th to 5th Avenues) 41st Street (east of 5th Avenue) 建造 委托 March 1811

Infobox Hong Kong Road

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Infobox Macau street

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Infobox China Road

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Infobox Taiwan Road

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