HLA-B27
人類白血球抗原B27(HLA-B27,B*2701-2759亞型)[1] 是一種由主要組織相容性複合體(MHC)中的B位點所編碼的I類細胞表面分子,位於6號染色體上,負責向T細胞呈遞抗原性肽(來源包括自體與外來抗原)。HLA-B27與強直性脊椎炎及其他相關的發炎性疾病(如乾癬性關節炎、發炎性腸病、反應性關節炎)具有高度關聯性。
盛行率
[编辑]HLA-B27在各國盛行率差異極大。HLA-B27在美國的盛行率約為6-8%[2],在北非人口中約為4%,漢族人口中約為2-9%,而在日本人中則僅有0.1–0.5%[1]。在北斯堪的納維亞的薩米地區,薩米人的HLA-B27陽性率為24%,其中1.8%罹患強直性脊椎炎[3],相比之下,北斯堪的納維亞人整體的HLA-B27陽性率為14-16%[4][5]。在芬蘭,估計有14%的人口HLA-B27陽性,其中超過95%的強直性脊椎炎患者和約70–80%的反應性關節炎患者攜帶此基因標記[6]。
疾病關聯
[编辑]雖然已有多種疾病報導與HLA-B27的關聯,但大多數陽性個體終其一生不會發展出相關疾病[2],且其與疾病之間的病生理迄今尚不明朗[7]。
脊椎關節病變(SpA)是HLA-B27關聯疾病中,最廣為人知的一系列疾病,相關疾病包含僵直性脊椎炎(AS)、反應性關節炎等等。有高達九成的僵直性脊椎炎患者為HLA-B27陽性,且陽性個體比陰性個體更容易發生早發型僵直性脊椎炎[8],但僅有5%的HLA-B27陽性個體會出現此一疾病[7]。研究也發現陽性帶原者更容易因環境因子誘發疾病[1][9]。
HLA-B27也與其他SpA關聯疾病相關,諸如反應性關節炎、葡萄膜炎、發炎性腸病等等[10][11]。乾癬性關節炎中也有約40–50%的患者擁有HLA-B27基因[12]。
HIV非凡控制者
[编辑]約1/500的HIV感染者可在多年內無需治療仍保持無症狀狀態,這類個體被稱為非凡控制者。有研究指出在非凡控制者中,HLA-B27及HLA-B5701陽性個體的比例顯著較高[13]。
參見
[编辑]參考文獻
[编辑]- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 M. A. Khan. HLA and spondyloarthropathies. Narinder K. Mehra (编). The HLA Complex in Biology and Medicine. New Delhi, India: Jayppee Brothers Medical Publishers. 2010: 259–275. ISBN 978-81-8448-870-8.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Parameswaran, Padmini; Lucke, Michael. StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. November 30, 2024. PMID 31855367 –通过PubMed.
- ^ Johnsen, K.; Gran, J. T.; Dale, K.; Husby, G. The prevalence of ankylosing spondylitis among Norwegian Samis (Lapps). The Journal of Rheumatology. October 1992, 19 (10): 1591–1594. ISSN 0315-162X. PMID 1464873.
- ^ Gran, J. T.; Mellby, A. S.; Husby, G. The Prevalence of HLA-B27 in Northern Norway. Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology. January 1984, 13 (2): 173–176. ISSN 0300-9742. doi:10.3109/03009748409100382 (英语).
- ^ Bjelle, Anders; Cedergren, Bertil; Rantapää Dahlqvist, Solbritt. HLA B 27 in the Population of Northern Sweden. Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology. January 1982, 11 (1): 23–26. ISSN 0300-9742. doi:10.3109/03009748209098109 (英语).
- ^ Vaasa, laboratorio-ohjekirja Ly-Kudosantigeeni B27 (Vaasa, laboratory manual Ly-Tissue antigen B27). 2014-07-21 [2023-04-13] (finnish).
- ^ 7.0 7.1 Navid, Fatemeh; Chen, Liye; Bowness, Paul; Colbert, Robert A. HLA-B27 and spondyloarthritis: at the crossroads of innate and adaptive immunity. Nature Reviews Rheumatology. 2025-02, 21 (2). ISSN 1759-4804. doi:10.1038/s41584-024-01189-3 (英语).
- ^ Feldtkeller, Ernst; Khan, Muhammad; van der Heijde, Désirée; van der Linden, Sjef; Braun, Jürgen. Age at disease onset and diagnosis delay in HLA-B27 negative vs. positive patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatology International. 2003-03, 23 (2). ISSN 0172-8172. doi:10.1007/s00296-002-0237-4 (英语).
- ^ Thomas, Gethin P.; Brown, Matthew A. Genetics and genomics of ankylosing spondylitis. Immunological Reviews. 2010-01, 233 (1). ISSN 0105-2896. doi:10.1111/j.0105-2896.2009.00852.x (英语).
- ^ Elizabeth D Agabegi; Agabegi, Steven S. Step-Up to Medicine (Step-Up Series)
. Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2008. ISBN 978-0-7817-7153-5.
- ^ Kataria, RK; Brent LH. Spondyloarthropathies. American Family Physician. June 2004, 69 (12): 2853–2860 [2009-06-29]. PMID 15222650. (原始内容存档于2008-07-09).
- ^ Ritchlin, Christopher T.; Colbert, Robert A.; Gladman, Dafna D. Psoriatic Arthritis. New England Journal of Medicine. March 9, 2017, 376 (10): 957–970. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1505557 –通过Taylor and Francis+NEJM.
- ^ Chatterjee, Koushik. Host genetic factors in susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and progression to AIDS. Journal of Genetics. 2010-04-01, 89 (1). ISSN 0973-7731. doi:10.1007/s12041-010-0003-4 (英语).
外部連結
[编辑]- HLA-B27 Syndromes 於 eMedicine by A. Luisa Di Lorenzo, MBBCh
- Bowness, P. HLA B27 in health and disease: a double-edged sword?. Rheumatology. 1 August 2002, 41 (8): 857–868. PMID 12154202. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/41.8.857
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- OMIM 142830
- 醫學主題詞表(MeSH):HLA-B27
- BASDAI and Ankylosing Spondylitis
- National Library of Medicine - Papers on HLA B-27