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食蟹獴屬

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食蟹獴屬
灰獴
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 哺乳纲 Mammalia
目: 食肉目 Carnivora
科: 獴科 Herpestidae
亚科: 獴亞科 Herpestinae
属: 食蟹獴屬 Urva
Hodgson, 1837
模式種
食蟹獴 Urva urva
Hodgson, 1836
食蟹獴屬物種的本土分佈
  •   U. javanica
  •   U. edwardsii
  •   U. edwardsii和同域物種U. javanica
  •   U. smithii、同域物種U. edwardsii和原生種U. javanica
  •   U. vitticollaU. fusca、同域物種U. smithiiU. edwardsii
  •   U. urva
  •   U. urva和同域物種U. javanica
  •   U. brachyura
  •   U. semitorquata和同域物種U. brachyura

食蟹獴屬(學名:Urva)是亞洲獴的一個,屬於獴亞科。該屬的物種以前被歸類為獴属,不過現在的獴屬僅由非洲獴組成;系统发生学的證據表明,亞洲獴形成单系群且具有亞洲共同祖先。食蟹獴屬與长鼻獴属沼澤獴屬形成一個演化支,而獴屬與其他非洲獴物種形成另一個演化支。[1][2]

缅甸中部的伊洛瓦底江河谷發現了一塊食蟹獴的化石標本,是一顆上臼齿,估計其年代為上新世晚期[3]

Urva這個学名布赖恩·霍顿·霍奇森於1836年作為食蟹獴的種名[4],並於隔年成為屬名。[5]食蟹獴屬分布廣泛,從阿拉伯半岛一直延伸到印尼爪哇岛[6]印度小獴英语Small Indian mongooseU. auropunctata)於19世紀末被引入到幾個島嶼,並在當地成為入侵物种之一。[7][8]

物種

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食蟹獴屬包括以下物種:[1]

圖片 名稱 分佈和IUCN紅色名錄狀況
灰獴U. edwardsii(Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1818)[9]  LC [10]
紅頰獴U. javanica(Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1818)[9]  LC [11]
纹颈獴U. vitticolla) (Bennett, 1835)[12]  LC [13]

印度小獴(U. auropunctataHodgson, 1836[4]  LC [14]
食蟹獴U. urvaHodgson, 1836[4]  LC [15]
赤獴U. smithii) (Gray, 1837)[16]  LC [17]

短尾獴U. brachyura) (Gray, 1837)[16]  NT [18]
褐獴U. fusca) (Waterhouse, 1838)[19]  LC [20]

领獴U. semitorquata) (Gray, 1846)[21]  NT [22]

參考資料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Patou, M.; Mclenachan, P.A.; Morley, C.G.; Couloux, A.; Jennings, A.P.; Veron, G. Molecular phylogeny of the Herpestidae (Mammalia, Carnivora) with a special emphasis on the Asian Herpestes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2009, 53 (1): 69–80. PMID 19520178. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.05.038. 
  2. ^ Zhou, Y.; Wang, S.-R.; Ma, J.-Z. Comprehensive species set revealing the phylogeny and biogeography of Feliformia (Mammalia, Carnivora) based on mitochondrial DNA. PLOS ONE. 2017, 12 (3): e0174902. PMC 5373635可免费查阅. PMID 28358848. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0174902可免费查阅. 
  3. ^ Egi, N.; Nishioka, Y.; Tsubamoto, T.; Ogino, S. & Takai, M. A mongoose remain (Mammalia: Carnivora) from the Upper Irrawaddy sediments, Myanmar and its significance in evolutionary history of Asian herpestids. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. 2011, 42 (6): 1204–1209. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.07.003. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Hodgson, B. H. Synoptical description of sundry new animals, enumerated in the Catalogue of Nepalese Mammals. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. 1836, 5 (52): 231–238. 
  5. ^ Hodgson, B. H. On a new genus of the Plantigrades. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. 1837, 6 (67): 560–565. 
  6. ^ Veron, G. & Jennings, A.P. Javan mongoose or small Indian mongoose – who is where?. Mammalian Biology. 2017, 87 (1): 62–70. doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2017.05.006可免费查阅. 
  7. ^ Lowe, S.; Browne, M.; Boudjelas, S. & De Poorter, M. Small Indian Mongoose (Herpestes javanicus (auropunctatus)) (PDF). New Zealand: The Invasive Species Specialist Group, SSC IUCN, Hollands Printing Ltd. 2000: 10 [2021-09-02]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2018-12-22). 
  8. ^ Louppe, V.; Lalis, A.; Abdelkrim, J.; Baron, J.; Bed’Hom, B.; Becker, A. A. M. J.; Catzeflis, F.; Lorvelec, O.; Zieger, U.; Veron, G. Dispersal history of a globally introduced carnivore, the small Indian mongoose Urva auropunctata, with an emphasis on the Caribbean region. Biological Invasions. 2021, 23 (8): 2573–2590. doi:10.1007/s10530-021-02523-6. 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, É. Jomard, E. F. , 编. De l'Ichneumon. Ichneumon pharaon. Tome II. Paris: Commission des Sciences et Arts d'Egypte. 1817: 137–144. 
  10. ^ Herpestes edwardsii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41611A45206787. 
  11. ^ Herpestes javanicus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T70203940A45207619. 
  12. ^ Bennett, E. T. Remarks on some Mammalia from Travancore, including a New Species of Herpestes. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1835, III: 66–67. 
  13. ^ Herpestes vitticollis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41619A45208503. 
  14. ^ Herpestes auropunctatus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T70204120A70204139. 
  15. ^ Herpestes urva. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41618A86159618. 
  16. ^ 16.0 16.1 Gray, J. E. Description of some or little known Mammalia, principally in the British Museum Collection. The Magazine of Natural History and Journal of Zoology, Botany, Mineralogy, Geology and Meteorology. 1837, I (November): 577–587. 
  17. ^ Herpestes smithii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41617A45208195. 
  18. ^ Herpestes brachyurus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41610A45206655. 
  19. ^ Waterhouse, G.R. On two new species of Mammalia, from the Society's collection, belonging to the genera Gerbillus and Herpestes. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1838, VI: 55–56. 
  20. ^ Herpestes fuscus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41612A45207051. 
  21. ^ Gray, J.E. New species of Mammalia. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History; Zoology, Botany, and Geology. 1846, 18 (118): 211–212. 
  22. ^ Herpestes semitorquatus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41616A45208027. 

外部連結

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