Lichess

Lichess
	Lichess標誌
	Lichess主頁
網站類型	線上西洋棋伺服器
創始人	蒂博·杜普萊西斯
網址	lichess.org
廣告	無
註冊	選擇性
推出時間	2010年6月20日 (14 years ago)
現狀	線上
編程語言	Scala; TypeScript; HTML; Sassy CSS;

Lichess（/ˈliːtʃɛs/；LEE-ches）^[3]^[4]是由同名非營利組織運營的自由開源線上西洋棋伺服器。用戶可以匿名方式下棋，也可註冊帳號以保存和獲取評分。該平台沒有廣告，且所有功能免費開放，運營資金完全來自贊助捐款，贊助者將獲得特殊徽章作為感謝。^[5]^[6]^[7]特色功能包括戰術訓練、引擎分析、賽事系統及多種西洋棋變體。

歷史

Lichess由法國程式設計師蒂博·杜普萊西斯創立於2010年。^[8]^[9]其核心代碼與設計主要採用開源授權條款GNU Affero通用公共許可證^[10]，部分組件使用其他自由或專有許可證。^[11]名稱"Lichess"融合了英文單字"live"（實時）、"light"（輕盈）和"libre" （自由）與chess（西洋棋）"之意。^[12]

2015年2月11日，Lichess推出Android版本的移動應用^[13]，同年3月4日推出iOS版本。^[14]

2021年4月，美國西洋棋聯合會認可Lichess的公平競賽機制，該系統通過引擎著法匹配分析，自動檢測作弊行為。^[15]

截至2022年4月28日，根據Alexa的排名，lichess.org位居全球第683位，主要用戶來自美國、印度和中國。^[16]該數據顯示Lichess是僅次於Chess.com的全球第二大提供線上西洋棋伺服器的平台。^[17]

賽事活動

冠名競技場

從2017年12月開始，Lichess將每個月都舉辦冠名競技場，為參加快棋（Bullet Chess）對決的冠名選手提供獎金，吸引了世界頂尖棋手的參與。^[18]馬格努斯·卡爾森（Magnus Carlsen）奪得首屆冠軍，並在接下來的比賽中多次奪冠。^[19]^[20]^[21]^[22]後續的賽事增設了其它的快棋項目，其中部分採用了菲舍爾任意制象棋（Chess 960）隨機的初始布局。

截至2022年2月，卡爾森以17次奪冠保持紀錄，阿里雷扎·菲魯茲亞以13勝緊隨其後。^[23]其他參賽者包括法比亞諾·卡魯阿納、馬克西姆·瓦謝爾-拉格拉夫、弗拉基米爾·費多謝耶夫等西洋棋特級大師。

功能

對局系統與變體

平台支持實時與延時對局，提供基礎教學、戰術訓練、坐標識別、視頻庫、開局百科（Opening Explorer）、棋局研究和分析棋盤等學習功能。^[24]^[25]平台也設有專門頁面，為西洋棋教練提供廣告宣傳服務。^[26]用戶可以創建」競技場「或」瑞士制「（Swiss Tournament）的錦標賽，制定自定義的開局（如王翼棄兵）。用戶也可以創建車輪戰遊戲，同時與多位棋手輪流對戰。

除盲棋模式外^[27]，平台支持以下西洋棋變體：^[28]

反棋（Antichess）
原子象棋^[29]
Chess960（菲舍爾任意制象棋）
Crazyhouse^[30]
Horde（鄧薩尼象棋變體）
King Of The Hill
Racing kings
Three-check chess

另設自定義棋局功能，支持手動輸入或導入棋局。[1]

Lichess是首個為盲人提供無障礙功能的象棋網站。^[31]^[32]其驗證碼系統採用棋局形式呈現。^[33]^[34]

作為已註冊用戶，Lichess採用Glicko 評分系統^[35]，也可參與賽事、論壇的討論，並申請伺服器端全局棋局分析。標準象棋等級分根據總用時（或增量制預估時間）分為Bullet、超快棋（Blitz）、快棋（Rapid）、傳統慢棋（Classical）和無限制棋。

圖庫

參考文獻

^ Duplessis, Thibault. How old is lichess?. Lichess.org. 2014-08-05 [12 June 2018]. （原始內容存檔於2018-06-12）.
^ Lichess. README. GitHub. [16 April 2025].
^ How do you pronounce Lichess?. Lichess.org. [2018-10-07].
^ How to pronounce Lichess (YouTube視頻). Lichess官方YouTube頻道. 2020-01-22 [2022-08-30].
^ Why is lichess free?. Lichess.org. 2 July 2014 [Jul 2, 2014].
^ Lichess Features. Lichess.org. [5 December 2016].
^ Become a Patron of lichess.org. Lichess. [22 November 2017]. We are a non‑profit association because we believe in a free, world-class chess experience for anyone, anywhere. We rely on support from [lichess users] to make it possible. If you've gotten something out of lichess, please take a second to pitch in!
^ Gravagna, Pierre. Carnet d'échecs. Libération. 15 December 2017 （法語）.
^ About lichess.org • lichess.org. lichess.org. [2020-07-23].
^ Duplessis, Thibault. LICENSE. GitHub. [25 October 2016].
^ lila/COPYING.md at master · ornicar/lila · GitHub
^ Why is Lichess called Lichess?. Lichess.org. [5 March 2023].
^ Android apps in Google Play. [21 February 2016].
^ lichess – Free Online Chess in the App Store. iTunes. [21 February 2016].
^ Lucas, Daniel. US Chess Endorses LiChess Fair Play Methodology. US Chess.org. 2021-04-01 [2021-05-06] （英語）.
^ lichess.org Site Overview. Alexa Internet. [28 April 2022]. （原始內容存檔於25 May 2019）.
^ Chess Links and Websites. [7 October 2018]. （原始內容存檔於4 January 2021）.
^ Titled Prize Tournament!. lichess.org. 22 November 2017 [2020-09-14] （美國英語）.
^ Magnus Carlsen wins the first Lichess Titled Arena. lichess.org. 15 December 2017 [2020-06-25] （美國英語）.
^ Online Chess Taking Advantage Of Opportunity To Grow, Entertain During Coronavirus Pandemic. Forbes.com （美國英語）.
^ DrDrunkenstein's Reign of Terror. Slate.com. 21 February 2020 [2020-09-14] （美國英語）.
^ Pütz, Florian. DrNykterstein plant die Revolution. Der Spiegel. 19 April 2020 [2020-09-14] （de-DE）.
^ Alireza wins a 13th Titled Arena.. lichess.org. 23 February 2021 [2021-03-07] （美國英語）.
^ Wilde, Tyler. The best chess games on PC. PC Gamer. 2017 [20 November 2017].
^ Play chess for free. 利物浦每日郵報 (Liverpool, UK). December 11, 2010 [20 November 2017]. （原始內容存檔於December 1, 2017）.
^ Certified Coaches. Lichess.org. [7 October 2018].
^ Lichess embraces blind players with new chess site features. slashgear.com. 23 June 2014 [7 August 2016].
^ Lichess variants • lichess.org. Lichess.org. [2017-05-31] （英語）.
^ Atomic Chess! And more. lichess.org. 12 January 2015 [2019-06-14] （英語）.
^ OMG Crazyhouse!. lichess.org. 20 January 2016 [2016-01-25].
^ Accessibility for blind players. lichess.org. 11 June 2014 [2019-06-14] （英語）.
^ Torres, JC. Lichess embraces blind players with new chess site features. Slashgear.com. 23 June 2014 [14 August 2015].
^ Leyden, John. We shall CRUSH you, puny ROBOT... with CHESS. The Register. 14 March 2013 [20 August 2015].
^ Araújo, Santi. Captcha de ajedrez: la mejor jugada contra los bots. Genbeta.com. 2017 [20 November 2017] （西班牙語）.
^ Rating Distribution. lichess. [8 July 2020].

外部連結

公開資料庫

學術研究庫

[1] Duplessis, Thibault. How old is lichess?. Lichess.org. 2014-08-05 [12 June 2018]. （原始內容存檔於2018-06-12）.

[2] Lichess. README. GitHub. [16 April 2025].

[3] How do you pronounce Lichess?. Lichess.org. [2018-10-07].

[4] How to pronounce Lichess (YouTube視頻). Lichess官方YouTube頻道. 2020-01-22 [2022-08-30].

[5] Why is lichess free?. Lichess.org. 2 July 2014 [Jul 2, 2014].

[6] Lichess Features. Lichess.org. [5 December 2016].

[7] Become a Patron of lichess.org. Lichess. [22 November 2017]. We are a non‑profit association because we believe in a free, world-class chess experience for anyone, anywhere. We rely on support from [lichess users] to make it possible. If you've gotten something out of lichess, please take a second to pitch in!

[8] Gravagna, Pierre. Carnet d'échecs. Libération. 15 December 2017 （法語）.

[9] About lichess.org • lichess.org. lichess.org. [2020-07-23].

[10] Duplessis, Thibault. LICENSE. GitHub. [25 October 2016].

[11] /COPYING.md at master · ornicar/lila · GitHub

[12] Why is Lichess called Lichess?. Lichess.org. [5 March 2023].

[13] Android apps in Google Play. [21 February 2016].

[14] ss – Free Online Chess in the App Store. iTunes. [21 February 2016].

[15] Lucas, Daniel. US Chess Endorses LiChess Fair Play Methodology. US Chess.org. 2021-04-01 [2021-05-06] （英語）.

[Alexa_rank2-16] ss.org Site Overview. Alexa Internet. [28 April 2022]. （原始內容存檔於25 May 2019）.

[17] Chess Links and Websites. [7 October 2018]. （原始內容存檔於4 January 2021）.

[18] Titled Prize Tournament!. lichess.org. 22 November 2017 [2020-09-14] （美國英語）.

[19] Magnus Carlsen wins the first Lichess Titled Arena. lichess.org. 15 December 2017 [2020-06-25] （美國英語）.

[20] Online Chess Taking Advantage Of Opportunity To Grow, Entertain During Coronavirus Pandemic. Forbes.com （美國英語）.

[21] DrDrunkenstein's Reign of Terror. Slate.com. 21 February 2020 [2020-09-14] （美國英語）.

[22] Pütz, Florian. DrNykterstein plant die Revolution. Der Spiegel. 19 April 2020 [2020-09-14] （de-DE）.

[23] Alireza wins a 13th Titled Arena.. lichess.org. 23 February 2021 [2021-03-07] （美國英語）.

[24] Wilde, Tyler. The best chess games on PC. PC Gamer. 2017 [20 November 2017].

[25] Play chess for free. 利物浦每日郵報 (Liverpool, UK). December 11, 2010 [20 November 2017]. （原始內容存檔於December 1, 2017）.

[26] Certified Coaches. Lichess.org. [7 October 2018].

[27] Lichess embraces blind players with new chess site features. slashgear.com. 23 June 2014 [7 August 2016].

[28] Lichess variants • lichess.org. Lichess.org. [2017-05-31] （英語）.

[29] Atomic Chess! And more. lichess.org. 12 January 2015 [2019-06-14] （英語）.

[30] OMG Crazyhouse!. lichess.org. 20 January 2016 [2016-01-25].

[31] Accessibility for blind players. lichess.org. 11 June 2014 [2019-06-14] （英語）.

[32] Torres, JC. Lichess embraces blind players with new chess site features. Slashgear.com. 23 June 2014 [14 August 2015].

[33] Leyden, John. We shall CRUSH you, puny ROBOT... with CHESS. The Register. 14 March 2013 [20 August 2015].

[34] Araújo, Santi. Captcha de ajedrez: la mejor jugada contra los bots. Genbeta.com. 2017 [20 November 2017] （西班牙語）.

[35] Rating Distribution. lichess. [8 July 2020].

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