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絹木屬

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絹木屬
科學分類 編輯
界: 植物界 Plantae
演化支 維管束植物 Tracheophyta
演化支 被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支 真雙子葉植物 Eudicots
演化支 薔薇類植物 Rosids
目: 桃金孃目 Myrtales
科: 野牡丹科 Melastomataceae
屬: 絹木屬 Miconia
Ruiz & Pav., 1794

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異名
  • Abrophaes Raf.
  • Acidodendron Kuntzebahiana
  • Acinodendron Raf.
  • Acinolis Raf.
  • Amphitoma Gleason
  • Anaectocalyx Triana ex Benth. & Hook.f.
  • Angeja Vand.
  • Anoectocalyx J.J.Triana ex C.A.Cogniaux, 1891
  • Antisola Raf.
  • Augustinea A.St.-Hil. & Naudin
  • Auliphas Raf.
  • Calophysa DC.
  • Calycogonium DC.
  • Capitellaria Naudin
  • Catachaenia Griseb.
  • Catocoryne Hook.f.
  • Catonia P.Browne
  • Chaenopleura Rich. ex DC.
  • Chiloporus Naudin
  • Chitonia D.Don
  • Clastilix Raf.
  • Conostegia D.Don
  • Copedesma Gleason
  • Cremanium D.Don
  • Cryptophysa Standl. & J.F.Macbr.
  • Cyanophyllum Naudin
  • Cyathanthera Pohl
  • Dancera Raf.
  • Decaraphe Miq.
  • Diplochita DC.
  • Diplodonta H.Karst.
  • Ekmaniocharis Urb.
  • Eurychaenia Griseb.
  • Eustegia Raf.
  • Folomfis Raf.
  • Fothergilla Aubl.
  • Gallasia Mart. ex DC.
  • Glossocentrum Crueg.
  • Gonema Raf.
  • Happia Neck.
  • Harrera Macfad.
  • Hartigia Miq.
  • Heterotrichum DC.
  • Heterotrichum Triana
  • Hormocalyx Gleason
  • Hosangia Neck.
  • Icaria J.F.Macbr.
  • Jucunda Cham.
  • Killipia Gleason
  • Leonicenia Scop.
  • Lieutautia Buc'hoz
  • Lomanthera Raf.
  • Maieta Aubl.
  • Mecranium Hook.f.
  • Menendezia Britton
  • Miconiastrum Bonpl. ex Naudin
  • Microphysa Naudin
  • Microphysca Naudin
  • Microphysca Triana
  • Mommsenia Urb. & Ekman
  • Muelleramra Kuntze
  • Myrmidone Mart.
  • Naudinia A.Rich.
  • Necramium Britton
  • Octella Raf.
  • Octomeris Naudin
  • Octonum Raf.
  • Pachydesmia Gleason
  • Pleiochiton Naudin ex A.Gray
  • Pleurochaenia Griseb.
  • Pogonorhynchus Crueg.
  • Prosanerpis S.F.Blake
  • Pterocladon Hook.f.
  • Schizanthera Turcz.
  • Sericola Raf.
  • Soltmannia Naudin
  • Sphaerogyne Naudin
  • Staphidiastrum Naudin
  • Staphidium Naudin
  • Stephanotrichum Naudin
  • Synodon Raf.
  • Synoptera Raf.
  • Tamonea Aubl. ex Krasser
  • Terera Naudin
  • Tetrazygia Rich. ex DC.
  • Tetrazygiopsis Borhidi
  • Tetrazygos Tococa
  • Aubl. Truncaria
  • DC. Ziegera
  • Raf.

絹木屬學名Miconia),也稱大葉野牡丹屬,是野牡丹科中物種最多的屬,截至2025年二月共有1902種[1],也是美洲分布被子植物中最大的屬之一[2]

其原生區域從墨西哥西部和加勒比地區南延至烏拉圭阿根廷北部,海拔分布範圍較廣,從約海平面高度的低地雨林到高山草甸都有分布,部分物種入侵太平洋諸島(例如米氏野牡丹[3])。絹木屬植物雖無顯著經濟價值,卻在熱帶及亞熱帶森林系統中占有重要的生態作用,例如其多汁的果實常為鳥類等動物的食物[4][5]。本屬多為灌木或小型喬木,可在受干擾後形成的次生林中快速繁衍出茂密的群落[6],多見於常年降雨、濕潤、林冠遮蔽的丘陵地貌,但也有部分物種分布在季節性降雨的地區,少數生於落葉林和疏林草原,基本不見於較乾旱的地帶(例如巴西的卡廷加群落英語Caatinga安第斯山脈南麓的大查科地帶)。本屬也有藤蔓、半附生及全附生性小灌木,極少數為高達近30米的大型喬木(波佩格絹木 M. poeppigii[7])。

本屬的學名加泰隆尼亞醫生、植物學家弗蘭塞斯克·米科加泰隆尼亞語Francesc Micó(1528-1592?)的姓氏命名。

下屬物種

[編輯]

本屬包括以下物種:[8]

歸入本屬的物種:

參考文獻

[編輯]
  1. ^ Miconia Ruiz & Pav.. Plants of the World Online. Kew Science. [2025-02-21] (英語). 
  2. ^ Goldenberg, Renato; Penneys, Darin S.; Almeda, Frank; Judd, Walter S.; Michelangeli, Fabián A. Phylogeny of Miconia (Melastomataceae): Patterns of Stamen Diversification in a Megadiverse Neotropical Genus. International Journal of Plant Sciences. 2008-09, 169 (7): 963–979. doi:10.1086/589697. 
  3. ^ THE TARGET: Miconia (Miconia calvescens). Hawaii Invasive Species Council. State of Hawaii. [2025-02-21] (英語). 
  4. ^ Stiles, F. Gary; Rosselli, Loreta. Consumption of fruits of the Melastomataceae by birds: how diffuse is coevolution?. Vegetatio. 1993-06,. 107-108 (1): 57–73. doi:10.1007/BF00052211. 
  5. ^ de Figueiredo, Rodolfo Antônio; Longatti, Claudia Aparecida. Ecological aspects of the dispersal of a melastomataceae by marmosets and howler monkeys (Primates : Platyrrhini) in a semideciduous forest of southeastern Brazil. Revue d'Écologie: 3–8. 1997 [2025-02-21]. 
  6. ^ Baider, C.; Tabarelli, M.; Mantovani, W. O Banco de sementes de um trecho de uma floresta Atlântica montana (São Paulo - Brasil). Revista Brasileira de Biologia. 1999-05, 59 (2): 319–328. doi:10.1590/S0034-71081999000200014. 
  7. ^ Miconia poeppigii - Useful Tropical Plants. tropical.theferns.info. 
  8. ^ Miconia Ruiz & Pav.. GBIF. [2023-05-30]. (原始內容存檔於2023-05-30). 
  9. ^ Renato Goldenberg, Jôane Coelho de Jesus and André M. Amorim. 2020. Miconia bahiana (Melastomataceae, Miconieae), A New Species from semideciduous forest in Bahia, Brazil. Plant Ecology and Evolution. 153(1); 152–159. DOI: 10.5091/plecevo.2020.1659
  10. ^ Juan C. Angulo and Fabián A. Michelangeli. 2023. Miconia burkeae (Melastomataceae), A New dioecious Tree from the Montane Forests of the Peruvian Andes. Brittonia. DOI: 10.1007/s12228-023-09759-7
  11. ^ Renato Goldenberg, Fabián A. Michelangeli, Juliana K. Ziemmer and André M. Amorim. 2023. Miconia dianae (Melastomataceae), A New Species from Bahia (Brazil) with Notes on leaf and hypanthium surfaces. Brazilian Journal of Botany. DOI: 10.1007/s40415-023-00932-6
  12. ^ Frank Almeda and Ricardo Pacifico. 2023. A New Miconia (Melastomataceae) from Cusuco National Park, Honduras. Phytotaxa. 578(2); 199-206. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.578.2.6