铬的同位素
外观
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标准原子质量 (Ar, 标准) |
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铬(原子质量单位:50.9415(1))共有28个同位素,其中有4个是稳定的。
图表[编辑]
符号 | Z | N | 同位素质量(u) [n 1][n 2] |
半衰期 [n 1][n 2] |
衰变 方式[2] |
衰变 产物 [n 3] |
原子核 自旋[n 1] |
相对丰度 (莫耳分率)[n 2] |
相对丰度 的变化量 (莫耳分率) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
激发能量[n 1][n 2] | |||||||||
42Cr | 24 | 18 | 42.00643(32)# | 14(3) ms [13(+4-2) ms] |
β+ (>99.9%) | 42V | 0+ | ||
2p (<.1%) | 40Ti | ||||||||
43Cr | 24 | 19 | 42.99771(24)# | 21.6(7) ms | β+ (71%) | 43V | (3/2+) | ||
β+, p (23%) | 42Ti | ||||||||
β+, 2p (6%) | 41Sc | ||||||||
β+, α (<.1%) | 39Sc | ||||||||
44Cr | 24 | 20 | 43.98555(5)# | 54(4) ms [53(+4-3) ms] |
β+ (93%) | 44V | 0+ | ||
β+, p (7%) | 43Ti | ||||||||
45Cr | 24 | 21 | 44.97964(54) | 50(6) ms | β+ (73%) | 45V | 7/2−# | ||
β+, p (27%) | 44Ti | ||||||||
45mCr | 50(100)# keV | 1# ms | IT | 45Cr | 3/2+# | ||||
β+ | 45V | ||||||||
46Cr | 24 | 22 | 45.968359(21) | 0.26(6) s | β+ | 46V | 0+ | ||
47Cr | 24 | 23 | 46.962900(15) | 500(15) ms | β+ | 47V | 3/2− | ||
48Cr | 24 | 24 | 47.954032(8) | 21.56(3) h | β+ | 48V | 0+ | ||
49Cr | 24 | 25 | 48.9513357(26) | 42.3(1) min | β+ | 49V | 5/2− | ||
50Cr | 24 | 26 | 49.9460442(11) | 观测上稳定[n 4] | 0+ | 0.04345(13) | 0.04294–0.04345 | ||
51Cr | 24 | 27 | 50.9447674(11) | 27.7025(24) d | ε | 51V | 7/2− | ||
52 Cr |
24 | 28 | 51.9405075(8) | 稳定 | 0+ | 0.83789(18) | 0.83762–0.83790 | ||
53Cr | 24 | 29 | 52.9406494(8) | 稳定 | 3/2− | 0.09501(17) | 0.09501–0.09553 | ||
54Cr | 24 | 30 | 53.9388804(8) | 稳定 | 0+ | 0.02365(7) | 0.02365–0.02391 | ||
55Cr | 24 | 31 | 54.9408397(8) | 3.497(3) min | β− | 55Mn | 3/2− | ||
56Cr | 24 | 32 | 55.9406531(20) | 5.94(10) min | β− | 56Mn | 0+ | ||
57Cr | 24 | 33 | 56.943613(2) | 21.1(10) s | β− | 57Mn | (3/2−) | ||
58Cr | 24 | 34 | 57.94435(22) | 7.0(3) s | β− | 58Mn | 0+ | ||
59Cr | 24 | 35 | 58.94859(26) | 460(50) ms | β− | 59Mn | 5/2−# | ||
59mCr | 503.0(17) keV | 96(20) µs | (9/2+) | ||||||
60Cr | 24 | 36 | 59.95008(23) | 560(60) ms | β− | 60Mn | 0+ | ||
61Cr | 24 | 37 | 60.95472(27) | 261(15) ms | β− (>99.9%) | 61Mn | 5/2−# | ||
β−, n (<.1%) | 60Mn | ||||||||
62Cr | 24 | 38 | 61.95661(36) | 199(9) ms | β− (>99.9%) | 62Mn | 0+ | ||
β−, n | 61Mn | ||||||||
63Cr | 24 | 39 | 62.96186(32)# | 129(2) ms | β− | 63Mn | (1/2−)# | ||
β−, n | 62Mn | ||||||||
64Cr | 24 | 40 | 63.96441(43)# | 43(1) ms | β− | 64Mn | 0+ | ||
65Cr | 24 | 41 | 64.97016(54)# | 27(3) ms | β− | 65Mn | (1/2−)# | ||
66Cr | 24 | 42 | 65.97338(64)# | 10(6) ms | β− | 66Mn | 0+ | ||
67Cr | 24 | 43 | 66.97955(75)# | 10# ms [>300 ns] |
β− | 67Mn | 1/2−# | ||
68Cr[3] | 24 | 44 | 67.98316(54)# | 10# ms (>620 ns) |
β−?[n 5] | 68Mn | 0+ | ||
β−, n?[n 5] | 67Mn | ||||||||
β−, 2n?[n 5] | 66Mn | ||||||||
69Cr[4] | 24 | 45 | 68.98966(54)# | 6# ms (>620 ns) |
β−?[n 5] | 69Mn | 7/2+# | ||
β−, n?[n 5] | 68Mn | ||||||||
β−, 2n?[n 5] | 67Mn | ||||||||
70Cr[4] | 24 | 46 | 69.99395(64)# | 6# ms (>620 ns) |
β−?[n 5] | 70Mn | 0+ | ||
β−, n?[n 5] | 69Mn | ||||||||
β−, 2n?[n 5] | 68Mn |
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 画上#号的数据代表没有经过实验的证明,仅为理论推测。
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 用括号括起来的数据代表不确定性。
- ^ 稳定的衰变产物以粗体表示。
- ^ 理论上可以双电子捕获成50Ti,半衰期超过1.3×1018年
- ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 理论上可以发生,但仍未被观测到
← | 同位素列表 | → |
钒的同位素 | 铬的同位素 | 锰的同位素 |
参考文献[编辑]
- ^ Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
- ^ Universal Nuclide Chart. nucleonica. [2015-09-12]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-19).
- ^ Tarasov, O. B.; et al. Evidence for a Change in the Nuclear Mass Surface with the Discovery of the Most Neutron-Rich Nuclei with 17 ≤ Z ≤ 25. Physical Review Letters. April 2009, 102 (14): 142501 [3 January 2023]. PMID 19392430. S2CID 42329617. arXiv:0903.1975 . doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.142501.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 Tarasov, O. B.; et al. Production cross sections from 82 Se fragmentation as indications of shell effects in neutron-rich isotopes close to the drip-line. Physical Review C. May 2013, 87 (5): 054612. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.87.054612 .
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
元素与同位素的稳定度 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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