跳转到内容

折射率列表

本页使用了标题或全文手工转换
维基百科,自由的百科全书
物质分界面处光的折射

作为物质的特征之一,不同的物质具有不同的折射率,且折射率与光的频率有关。标准折射率是指光波长为589纳米(即原子光谱中的双黄线)条件下测量得到的折射率。

折射率亦与温度压强应力、物质组成(例如杂质含量)等有较弱的关联。对于大多数物质来说,通常情况下这些因素导致的折射率变化在1%或更低的数量级。然而,若对精度有所要求,就有必要引用折射率的测量来源。

一般来说,折射率是复数,即包含实数和虚数部分,其中虚数部分表征物质对特定波长的光的吸收强度,因此虚数部分有时也被称为消光系数。折射率的虚数部分有时十分重要,例如可见光在金属中传播的情况中,在描述折射率时必须包含其虚数部分。

光的折射、临界角及全反射

折射率列表

[编辑]
一些典型物质的折射率
物质 λ (nm) n 来源
真空 1 (定义值)
标准状况下的空气 1.000277
0 °C,1 标准大气压下的气体
地球大气层 589.29 1.000293 [1]
二氧化碳 589.29 1.001 [2][3][4]
589.29 1.000036 [1]
589.29 1.000132 [1]
20 °C 的液体
溶于二碘甲烷三硫化二砷 1.9 [5]
二硫化碳 589.29 1.628 [1]
589.29 1.501 [1]
四氯化碳 589.29 1.461 [1]
硅油英语Silicone oil (nD25) 589.29 1.393–1.403 [6]
煤油 1.39
乙醇 (ethyl alcohol) 589.29 1.361 [1]
丙酮 1.36
589.29 1.330 [1]
10% 葡萄糖水溶液 589.29 1.3477 [7]
20% 葡萄糖水溶液 589.29 1.3635 [7]
60% 葡萄糖水溶液 589.29 1.4394 [7]
室温下的固体
碳化硅莫桑石 589.29 2.65 [8]
二氧化钛金红石 589.29 2.614 [9][10]
钻石 589.29 2.417 [1]
钛酸锶 589.29 2.41 [11]
五氧化二钽 589.29 2.15 [12]
琥珀 589.29 1.55 [1]
氯化钠 589.29 1.544 [13]
熔融石英 589.29 1.458 [1][14]
其他物质
液氦 1.025
全氟己烷 1.251 [15]
1.31
无定型含氟树脂(Teflon AF) 1.315 [16][17]
冰晶石 1.338
Cytop 1.34 [18]
聚四氟乙烯 1.35–1.38 [19]
25%食糖溶液 1.3723 [20]
角膜 1.373/1.380/1.401 [21]
晶状体 1.386–1.406
肝脏 964 1.369 [22]
消化道 964 1.329-1.338 [23]
乙烯四氟乙烯共聚物(氟塑膜 1.403 [24]
聚二甲基硅氧烷 1.4118 [25]
50%食糖溶液 1.4200 [20]
聚乳酸 1.46 [26]
派热克斯玻璃 1.470 [27]
植物油 1.47 [28]
甘油 1.4729
75%食糖溶液 1.4774 [20]
聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 1.4893–1.4899
石盐 1.516
玻璃片 1.52

[29]

冕牌玻璃(纯净) 1.50–1.54
PETg 1.57
聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET) 1.5750
聚碳酸酯 150 1.60 [30]
冕牌玻璃(不纯净) 1.485–1.755
燧石玻璃(纯净) 1.60–1.62
1.661
燧石玻璃(不纯净) 1.523–1.925
蓝宝石 1.762–1.778
氮化硼 2-2.14 [31]
立方氧化锆 2.15–2.18 [32]
铌酸钾 (KNbO3) 2.28
氧化锌 390 2.4
朱砂 (硫化汞) 3.02
1200 - 8500 3.42–3.48 [33]
磷化镓 3.5
砷化镓 3.927
3000 - 16000 4.05–4.01 [34]

参见

[编辑]

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 Zajac, Alfred; Hecht, Eugene. Optics, Fourth Edit. Pearson Higher Education. 2003-03-18. ISBN 978-0-321-18878-6. 
  2. ^ Morgan, Joseph. Introduction to Geometrical and Physical Optics. McGraw-Hill Book Company, INC. 1953. 
  3. ^ Hodgman, Charles D. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Chemical Rubber Publishing Co. 1957. 
  4. ^ Pedrotti, Frank L.; Pedrotti, Leno M.; Pedrotti, Leno S. Introduction to Optics, Third Edition. Pearson Prentice Hall. 2007: 221. ISBN 978-0-13-149933-1. 
  5. ^ Meyrowitz, R, A compilation and classification of immersion media of high index of refraction, American Mineralogist 40: 398 (1955) (PDF). [2019-10-22]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-06-16). 
  6. ^ Silicone Fluids: Stable and Inert Media (PDF). Gelest, Inc. 1998 [2019-10-22]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-10-27). 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Lide, David R. Lide (编). CRC Handbook of Physics and Chemistry 82nd. Cleveland, OH: The Chemical Rubber Company. 2001. ISBN 978-0-8493-0482-8. 
  8. ^ Silicon Carbide (SiC) - Optical properties. Ioffe Institute. [2009-06-06]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-31). 
  9. ^ Polyanskiy, Mikhail N. Optical constants of TiO2 (Titanium dioxide). Refractive Index Database. [2019-10-22]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-03). 
  10. ^ Shannon, Robert D.; Shannon, Ruth C.; Medenbach, Olaf; Fischer, Reinhard X. Refractive Index and Dispersion of Fluorides and Oxides (PDF). J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data. 2002-10-25, 31 (4): 931–970 [2019-10-22]. Bibcode:2002JPCRD..31..931S. doi:10.1063/1.1497384. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-03-27). 
  11. ^ Frye, Asa; French, R. H.; Bonnell, D. A. Optical properties and electronic structure of oxidized and reduced single-crystal strontium titanate (PDF). Zeitschrift für Metallkunde. 2003, 94 (3): 226 [2014-07-11]. doi:10.3139/146.030226. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-05-07). 
  12. ^ Polyanskiy, Mikhail. Optical constants of Ta2O5 (Tantalum pentoxide). Refractive Index Database. 2018 [2019-10-22]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-25). 
  13. ^ Serway, Raymond A.; Faughn, Jerry S. College Physics, 6th Edition. Brooks/Cole. 2003: 692. ISBN 978-0-03-035114-3. 
  14. ^ Tan, G; Lemon, M.; Jones, D.; French, R. Optical properties and London dispersion interaction of amorphous and crystalline {SiO2} determined by vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry (PDF). Physical Review B. 2005, 72 (20): 205117 [2014-07-11]. Bibcode:2005PhRvB..72t5117T. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.72.205117. 
  15. ^ Fluorinert Electronic Liquid FC-72 Product Information (PDF). [2017-05-01]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-12-01). 
  16. ^ Teflon AF. [2010-10-14]. (原始内容存档于2015-05-26). 
  17. ^ Yang, Min K. Optical properties of Teflon® {AF} amorphous fluoropolymers (PDF). Journal of Micro/Nano Lithography. July 2008, 7 (3): 033010 [2014-07-11]. doi:10.1117/1.2965541. 
  18. ^ CYTOP Amorphous Fluoropolymer. AGCCE Chemicals Europe, Ltd. [2010-10-14]. (原始内容存档于2010-08-24). 
  19. ^ French, Roger H.; Rodriguez-Parada, J. M.; Yang, M. K.; et al. Optical properties of materials for concentrator photovoltaic systems (PDF). 2009: 000394 [2014-07-11]. ISBN 978-1-4244-2949-3. doi:10.1109/PVSC.2009.5411657. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-10-23).  |journal=被忽略 (帮助)
  20. ^ 20.0 20.1 20.2 Manual for Sugar Solution Prism (PDF). A/S S. Frederiksen. 2005-08-03 [2012-03-21]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2016-03-03). 
  21. ^ Patel, S; Marshall, J; Fitzke, FW 3rd. Refractive index of the human corneal epithelium and stroma. J Refract Surg. Mar–Apr 1995, 11 (2): 100–105. PMID 7634138. 
  22. ^ Giannios, P; et, al. Visible to near-infrared refractive properties of freshly-excised human-liver tissues: marking hepatic malignancies. Sci. Rep. 2016, 6: 27910. Bibcode:2016NatSR...627910G. PMC 4906272可免费查阅. PMID 27297034. doi:10.1038/srep27910. 
  23. ^ Giannios, P; al, et. Complex refractive index of normal and malignant human colorectal tissue. J. Biophotonics. 2016, 10 (2): 303–310. PMID 27091794. doi:10.1002/jbio.201600001. 
  24. ^ Wright, S.F., Zadrazil, I. & Markides, C.N. A review of solid–fluid selection options for optical-based measurements in single-phase liquid, two-phase liquid–liquid and multiphase solid–liquid flows. Experiments in Fluids. 2017, 58 (9): 108. Bibcode:2017ExFl...58..108W. doi:10.1007/s00348-017-2386-y. 
  25. ^ 184 Silicone Elastomer (PDF) (Product Information). Dow Corning. [2012-12-11]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2018-11-24). 
  26. ^ Gonçalves, Carla M. B.; Coutinho, Joa˜o A. P.; Marrucho, Isabel M. Optical Properties. Poly(Lactic Acid): Synthesis, Structures, Properties, Processing, and Applications; Chapter 8: Optical Properties. 2010: 97. ISBN 9780470649848. doi:10.1002/9780470649848.ch8. 
  27. ^ 利物浦大学. Absolute Refractive Index. Materials Teaching Educational Resources. MATTER Project. [2007-10-18]. (原始内容存档于2007-10-12). 
  28. ^ Index Of Refraction Of Vegetable Oil页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), The Physics Factbook.
  29. ^ "High temperature glass melt property database for process modeling"; Eds.: Thomas P. Seward III and Terese Vascott; The American Ceramic Society, Westerville, Ohio, 2005, ISBN 1-57498-225-7
  30. ^ C. R. Garcia, J. Correa, D. Espalin, J. H. Barton, R. C. Rumpf, R. Wicker, V. Gonzalez, "3D Printing of Anisotropic Metamaterials页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)," PIER Lett, Vol. 34, pp. 75-82, 2012.
  31. ^ Combat Boron Nitride (PDF). Saint Gobain. [2016-06-12]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2015-02-18). 
  32. ^ French, Roger H.; Glass, S.; Ohuchi, F.; et al. Experimental and theoretical determination of the electronic structure and optical properties of three phases of {ZrO2} (PDF). Physical Review B. 1994, 49 (8): 5133 [2014-07-11]. Bibcode:1994PhRvB..49.5133F. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.49.5133. 
  33. ^ Silicon. Pmoptics.com. [2014-08-21]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-31). 
  34. ^ Germanium. Pmoptics.com. [2014-08-21]. (原始内容存档于2020-03-13). 

外部链接

[编辑]