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田螺科

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田螺科
化石時期:阿普第期至現在[1]
An alive but retracted individual of Viviparus contectus英語Viviparus contectus, showing the 螺厴
科學分類 編輯
界: 動物界 Animalia
門: 軟體動物門 Mollusca
綱: 腹足綱 Gastropoda
亞綱: 新進腹足亞綱 Caenogastropoda
目: 主扭舌目 Architaenioglossa
總科: 田螺總科 Viviparoidea
科: 田螺科 Viviparidae
J. E. Gray, 1847[2]
多樣性[3]
125–150 freshwater species

田螺泛指田螺科(學名:Viviparidae)的淡水腹足綱軟體動物。平均只有拇指頭大小,有角質口蓋螺厴),殼口相對比較大。螺螄是田螺科動物的通稱[4]。很多淡水魚類喜歡吃田螺。田螺體內很容易生長寄生蟲

根據在2005年的《布歇特和洛克羅伊的腹足類分類》,田螺科屬主扭舌目的成員。

分佈

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This family occurs nearly worldwide in temperate and tropical regions, with the exception that they are absent from 南美洲. There are two genera of Viviparidae in Africa: Bellamya and Neothauma英語Neothauma.[5]

分類

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舊屬前鰓亞綱中腹足目,田螺科目前是主扭舌類的成員[6][7],約有17屬百餘種。根據2005年的《布歇特和洛克羅伊的腹足類分類》,田螺科物種大致可分為三個亞科[6]

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田螺科包括下列各屬:

田螺亞科 Viviparinae Gray, 1847 (1833)

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異名有Campelomatinae Thiele, 1929

亞科地位未定Subfamily [unassigned] Viviparidae (temporary name)

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Life cycle

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Life spans have been reported from 3 to 11 years in various species of Viviparidae.[18]

參考資料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Kear, B. P.; Hamilton-Bruce, R. J.; Smith, B. J.; Gowlett-Holmes, K. L. Reassessment of Australia's oldest freshwater snail, Viviparus (?) albascopularis Etheridge, 1902 (Mollusca : Gastropoda : Viviparidae), from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian, Wallumbilla Formation) of White Cliffs, New South Wales. Molluscan Research. 2003, 23 (2): 149–158. doi:10.1071/MR03003 (英語). 
  2. ^ Gray J. E. (November 1847) (1833). "A list of genera of Recent Mollusca, their synonyma and types". Proceedings of the Zoological Society in London, 15: 129-182. Viviparidae at page 155.
  3. ^ Strong E. E., Gargominy O., Ponder W. F.英語Winston Ponder & Bouchet P. (2008). "Global Diversity of Gastropods (Gastropoda; Mollusca) in Freshwater". Hydrobiologia英語Hydrobiologia 595: 149-166. doi:10.1007/s10750-007-9012-6.
  4. ^ 夏征農, 羅竹風, 馬飛海等. 辭海[M]. 北京: 商務印書館, 2000: 1, 2254.
  5. ^ 引用錯誤:沒有為名為Brown 1994的參考文獻提供內容
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Frýda, J.; Hausdorf, B.; Ponder, W.; Valdés, Á. & Warén, A. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia (Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks). 2005, 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. OCLC 61351079. OL 42989175M. S2CID 83847814. 
  7. ^ Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Hausdorf, B.; Kaim, A.; Kano, Y.; Nützel, A.; Parkhaev, P.; Schrödl, M.; Strong, E.E. Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod and Monoplacophoran Families. Malacologia. 2017, 61 (1–2): 1–526. OCLC 7296100651. S2CID 91051256. doi:10.4002/040.061.0201. 
  8. ^ Van Bocxlaer, Bert; Strong, Ellen E; Richter, Romy; Stelbrink, Björn; Rintelen, Thomas Von. Anatomical and genetic data reveal that Rivularia Heude, 1890 belongs to Viviparinae (Gastropoda: Viviparidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 2017-12-14, 182 (1): 1–23. ISSN 0024-4082. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx014 (英語). 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 Fresh water molluscan species in India (PDF): 11 pp. 2010-07-29 [2010-07-31] (英語). 
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 引用錯誤:沒有為名為guokr的參考文獻提供內容
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 Zhang, L. J.; Chen, S. C.; Yang, L. T.; Jin, L.; Köhler, F. Systematic revision of the freshwater snail Nevill, 1877 (Mollusca: Viviparidae) endemic to the ancient lakes of Yunnan, China, with description of new taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society英語Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 2015, 174 (4): 760–800. doi:10.1111/zoj.12260可免費查閱. 
  12. ^ River Snail (Notopala sublineata)頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館). accessed 26 September 2010
  13. ^ Du L.-N., Yang J.-X. & Chen X.-Y. (2011). "A new species of Trochotaia (Caenogastropoda: Viviparidae) from Yunnan, China". Molluscan Research 31(2): 85-89. abstract頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館
  14. ^ 余汶. 华南白垩纪和早第三纪非海相腹足类化石及其地层意义. 《古生物學報》(Acta Palaeontologica Sinica). 1977, 16 (2): 191–216 (中文(簡體)). 
  15. ^ 15.0 15.1 Hamilton-Bruce, R. J.; Smith, B. J.; Gowlett-Holmes, K. L. Descriptions of a new genus and two new species of viviparid snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Viviparidae) from the Early Cretaceous (middle-late Albian) Griman Creek Formation of Lightning Ridge, northern New South Wales (PDF). Records of the South Australian Museum. 2002, 35: 193–203 (英語). 
  16. ^ Sivan, N.; Heller, J.; van Damme, D. Fossil Viviparidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of the Levant. Journal of Conchology. 2006, 39 (2): 207–220 [2021-08-26]. (原始內容存檔於2020-08-08). 
  17. ^ Michael Frese & Winston Ponder (2021) Proviviparus talbragarensis gen. et sp. nov., the first viviparid snail from the Late Jurassic of Australia, Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology, 45:3, 344-353, DOI: 10.1080/03115518.2021.1940276
  18. ^ Heller, J. Longevity in molluscs. Malacologia. 1990, 31 (2): 259–295. 

延伸閱讀

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外部連結

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