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极地级破冰船

维基百科,自由的百科全书
Polar class
USCG Polar Star
USCG Polar Star
概况
建造者 洛克希德造船与建筑公司英语Lockheed Shipbuilding and Construction Company
使用者 美国海岸巡防队
前级 冰河号破冰船英语USS Glacier (AGB-4)
次级 北极守护者级破冰船英语Polar Security Cutter program
建造期 1972–1978
运行期 1976–
完成数 2
现役数 1
搁置数 1[1]
技术数据[2]
船型 重型破冰船 (USCG)
排水量
  • 标准:10,863 long ton(11,037 t)
  • 满载:13,623 long ton(13,842 t)
船长 399英尺(122米)
型宽 83英尺6英寸(25.45米)
高度 水线以上137英尺10英寸(42米)
吃水 31英尺(9.4米)[3]
动力输出
动力来源
船速
  • 18节(33千米每小时;21英里每小时)
  • 在6-英尺(1.8-米)的冰面3节(5.6千米每小时;3.5英里每小时)
续航力
  • 16,000海里(30,000千米;18,000英里) at 18节(33千米每小时;21英里每小时)
  • 28,275海里(52,365千米;32,538英里) at 13节(24千米每小时;15英里每小时)
乘员
  • 15名军官
  • 127名船员
  • 33名科学家
  • 12名直升机机队成员
飞行设施 直升机停机坪和机库

极地级破冰船是一款服役于美国海岸警卫队的重型破冰船,该级破冰舰拥有加强型船体、特殊破冰艏,以及能够快速移动压舱水的系统,以提高破冰效率。北极级与中型破冰船希利号破冰船英语USCGC Healy三艘组成美国海岸警卫队的破冰船船队,母港皆位于西雅图[4]

警卫队的破冰船任务为在北极南极进行科考研究,并且负责开辟通往麦克默多站的航道,确保南极洲科考基地的物资运补。然而因为两船都已接近服役年限,因此曾有计划考虑对两舰进行升级。[5][6][7] 2013年11月,华盛顿州玛丽亚·坎特威尔派蒂·莫瑞以及阿拉斯加州马克·贝吉奇丽莎·穆考斯基共四位参议院议员曾提议修正2014年国防拨款法案,授权建造四艘新的极地级破冰船,每艘造价8.5亿美元,然而最终不了了之。[8][9][10]

2017年2月22日,美国海岸警卫队宣布已授予五份总值2000万美元的固定价格合约,以进行新型重型极地破冰船的设计研究与分析。[11]根据计划英语Polar Security Cutter program,海岸警卫队将会在替换新船时顺便扩增规模,将达到3艘重型以及3艘中型破冰船。2017年5月18日,时任海岸警卫队司令保罗·F·祖昆夫特英语Paul F. Zukunft上将 表示,由于北极地区的变化,海岸防卫队可能需要增加未来破冰船的数量。此外,未来的破冰船将可能预留额外的改装空间,以配备包括反舰导弹等攻防武器。[12]

同级舰

[编辑]
舰名 舷号 造船厂 下水 服役 退役 现况
极星号英语USCGC Polar Star WAGB-10 洛克希德造船与建筑公司英语Lockheed Shipbuilding and Construction Company 1973-11-17 1976-01-17 尚未 于2012年12月经改装后重新服役
极海号英语USCGC Polar Sea WAGB-11 1978-02-23 2010 作为极星号的备用零件

参考

[编辑]
  1. ^ Scrapping the Polar Sea stopped while lawmakers search for budgetary icebreaker. The Seattle Times. 21 June 2012 [2012-12-20]. (原始内容存档于10 January 2014). 
  2. ^ Baker 1998, p. 1119.
  3. ^ Moore 1985, p. 772.
  4. ^ Northrop Grumman to Supply Polar Ice Breaker Navigation Support for U.S. Coast Guard. October 20, 2013 [October 21, 2013]. (原始内容存档于October 21, 2013). 
  5. ^ Ewing, Philip. CG Steps Up Bid to Rescue Icebreaker Funding. Navy Times (Gannett Government Media). 25 March 2008 [2008-03-01]. (原始内容存档于4 January 2013). And it laid out a set of options for the Coast Guard's Arctic capability, which included:...25-year service life extensions for the older ships, at a cost of about $400 million per ship. 
  6. ^ Tibbits, George. Allen: Polar Star to be Reactivated by 2013. Navy Times (Gannett Government Media). Associated Press. 10 March 2010 [2012-12-15]. (原始内容存档于2013-01-29). After a $62 million overhaul, the Coast Guard will have its third icebeaker back in service in 2013, filling a critical need as the fleet takes on new responsibilities, the commandant of the service said Wednesday. 
  7. ^ Song, Kyung M. Icebreaker Polar Star Gets $57 million Overhaul. The Seattle Times. 14 December 2012 [2012-12-15]. ISSN 0745-9696. OCLC 9198928. (原始内容存档于2013-07-25). The U.S. Coast Guard reactivated the Polar Star Friday after a four-year, $57 million overhaul at Vigor Industrial shipyard. The 34-year-old ship is to undergo testing next year before once again plying the frozen Arctic regions. 
  8. ^ Song, Kyung M. Washington, Alaska senators pave way for 4 new icebreakers. Seattle Times. 29 November 2013 [2013-11-29]. (原始内容存档于2013-11-29). The four U.S. senators from Washington and Alaska are seeking to authorize construction of as many as four new heavy-duty icebreakers, vastly expanding the Coast Guard's beleaguered Seattle-based icebreaker fleet. 
  9. ^ Alaska, Washington Senators Introduce Bipartisan Icebreaker Amendment. politicalnews.me. 29 November 2013 [30 November 2013]. (原始内容存档于30 November 2013). The United States currently has only two operational icebreakers, the Healy and the Polar Star. The Polar Star is currently in Seattle preparing to depart on December 3rd for Antarctica after years of extensive retrofitting. 
  10. ^ Kelly, Devin. Senators push for new heavy polar icebreakers. Anchorage Daily News. 28 November 2013. (原始内容存档于2013-11-30). According to the language of the amendment, the Navy will be directed to build up to four new heavy icebreakers and then transfer the ships to the U.S. Coast Guard, which takes sole responsibility for polar missions. A hefty price tag accompanies the proposal -- each icebreaker costs about $860 million, said Heather Handyside, a spokeswoman for Begich. 
  11. ^ Coast Guard awards $20 million for icebreaker studies. Workboat.com. [19 May 2017]. (原始内容存档于19 July 2018). 
  12. ^ Zukunft: Changing Arctic Could Lead to Armed U.S. Icebreakers in Future Fleet. news.usni.org. [19 May 2017]. (原始内容存档于18 May 2017).