User:Marxivi/沙盒
| 德沃尔采的拉采克·科比拉 | |
|---|---|
| 瓦茨拉夫四世皇家盖特曼 斯特日布尔纳斯卡利采城堡伯爵 维舍赫拉德城堡伯爵 | |
| 紋章 |  |
| 出生 | 1370年代 |
| 逝世 | 1416年2月2日 波希米亚王国库特纳霍拉 |
| 配偶 | 乌利比采的安娜 |
Racek Kobyla of Dvorce (also Dvojic, Dvojitz, or Dwoygicz;[1] died 2 February 1416) was a Bohemian landowner, hetman of Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia, and burgrave of Stříbrná Skalice and Vyšehrad during the Late Middle Ages.
Early career
[编辑]Racek was likely born in the 1370s. Not much is known about his early life. He had a reputation as a robber knight, having spent years in the service of Prokop of Moravia.[2]
Royal service
[编辑]Racek was appointed burgrave of Skalice Castle by King Wenceslaus IV in 1403.[3] Later that year, the town was razed by Sigismund of Luxembourg. Racek initially retreated to Talmberk after evacuating the town. Reportedly, only an elderly woman and a pig were left in Skalice.[4] Fleeing the continuing threat of Sigismund, Racek sought refuge in Rataje nad Sázavou, where he was received by Hanuš of Lipá.[5]
In the service of King Wenceslaus, Racek helped wage a guerilla campaign against the Rosenberg family. He acted with other men such as Jan Žižka, Jan Sokol of Lamberk, and Matthew the Leader.[6] In 1410, he was appointed burgrave of Vyšehrad by Wenceslas. In the same year, Archbishop Zbyněk Zajíc of Hazmburk threatened to declare interdict over every scholar who refused to give up their writings of John Wycliffe. After the evaluation, the books were deemed heretical and were burned at the archbishop's courtyard. King Wenceslaus IV ordered the archbishop and his subordinates to compensate the book owners. When they refused, the king tasked Racek and Wok of Waldstein with confiscating their property. He was since hated by the Anti-Wycliffite faction of the clergy.[7]
In 1412, Wenceslaus permitted Racek to build his castle, Veselé, near present-day Chocerady.[8] In 1415, he was mentioned as a patron of the Chocerady church.[9]
Death
[编辑]Racek was a supporter of Jan Hus. In 1416, Racek was sent to Kutná Hora to collect taxes for the king. The local preachers incited the miners against him and on 2 February 1416, Racek and 12 of his associates were murdered in an inn by a mob of miners fueled by anti-Hussite sentiment.[10]
Template:Translated blockquote
Racek's castle, along with the villages of Chocerady, Údolnice, and Vráž, were left to his widow, Anna of Úlibic. His children were left under the guardianship of the knights Mikuláš Šraňek and Mikuláš of Reblic.[11]
In popular culture
[编辑]Sir Radzig Kobyla, a character featured in the 2018 video game Kingdom Come: Deliverance, is based on Racek.[12] In the game, he is the burgrave of Silver Skalitz, the town the player character resides in, and leads the pro-Wenceslaus faction alongside Divish of Talmberg. He also features in the 2025 sequel Kingdom Come: Deliverance II.[13]
References
[编辑]- ^ Template:Cite dissertation
- ^ Fišera, Zdeněk. Za Rackem Kobylou z Dvorce Na Hrad Skalici. Loupeživí rytíři a zemští šku°dci Království českého a jejich sídla Vyd. 1. Prague: Agentura Pankrác. 2013: 77. ISBN 978-80-86781-20-4.
- ^ Stříbrná Skalice – Kolínsko – Cesty a památky. [2020-01-24].
- ^ Zap, Karel Vladislav. Česko-moavská kronika. I.L. Kober. : 554 （捷克语）.
- ^ Zavadil, Antonín J. Kutnohorsko slovem i obrasem - Práce veškerého učitelstva okresu (PDF). [27 January 2020].
- ^ Čečetka, Josef František. Jan Žižka. Prague. 1930: 20.
- ^ Tomek, Václav Vladivoj. Dějepis města Prahy, Díl 3. Prague: J. Otto. 1881: 494. 已忽略未知参数
|lang=（建议使用|language=） (帮助) - ^ Hrady, zámky a tvrze v Čechách, na Moravě a ve Slezsku. Příprava vydání Tomáš Šimek. Svazek VI. Východní Čechy. Prague: Nakladatelství Svoboda, 1985. 726 pp. Kapitola Komorní Hrádek – zámek, p. 202–203.
- ^ Durdík, Tomáš. Ilustrovaná encyklopedie českých hradů. Prague: Libri. 2002: 268–269. ISBN 80-7277-003-9.
- ^ Dobiáš, Bohdan. Přeloučtí mučedníci. [24 January 2020]. （原始内容存档于25 February 2018）.
- ^ Šimek, Tomáš (编). Hrady, zámky a tvrze v Čechách, na Moravě a ve Slezsku. Prague: Nakladatelství Svoboda. 1985: 202–203.
- ^ Schmidt, Ondřej. Středověk v Kingdom Come. Co je skutečnost a co fikce?. Zprávy z Muni. 14 March 2018 [20 March 2021] （捷克语）.
- ^ Hafer, Leana. Kingdom Come: Deliverance 2 – Meet the Medieval Cast. IGN. 11 December 2024 [7 February 2025] （英语）.