跳转到内容

TRAF2

本页使用了标题或全文手工转换
维基百科,自由的百科全书
TRAF2
已知的結構
PDB直系同源搜索: PDBe RCSB
識別號
别名TRAF2;, MGC:45012, TRAP, TRAP3, TNF receptor associated factor 2, RNF117
外部IDOMIM601895 MGI101835 HomoloGene22520 GeneCardsTRAF2
基因位置(人类
9號染色體
染色体9號染色體[1]
9號染色體
TRAF2的基因位置
TRAF2的基因位置
基因座9q34.3起始136,881,912 bp[1]
终止136,926,607 bp[1]
RNA表达模式
查阅更多表达数据
直系同源
物種人類小鼠
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
mRNA​序列

NM_021138

NM_009422
​NM_001290413

蛋白序列

NP_066961

NP_001277342
​NP_033448

基因位置​(UCSC)Chr 9: 136.88 – 136.93 MbChr 2: 25.41 – 25.44 Mb
PubMed​查找[3][4]
維基數據
檢視/編輯人類檢視/編輯小鼠

TRAF2是人类基因 TRAF2 编码的蛋白质,属于一种TNF受体相关因子(TRAF)[5]

蛋白质的相互作用

[编辑]

TRAF2蛋白与下列蛋白質进行互作

参考文献

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000127191 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026942 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ Human PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. 
  4. ^ Mouse PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Song HY, Donner DB. Association of a RING finger protein with the cytoplasmic domain of the human type-2 tumour necrosis factor receptor. Biochem J. September 1995, 309 (Pt 3): 825–9. PMC 1135706可免费查阅. PMID 7639698. doi:10.1042/bj3090825. 
  6. ^ Nishitoh H, Saitoh M, Mochida Y, Takeda K, Nakano H, Rothe M, Miyazono K, Ichijo H. ASK1 is essential for JNK/SAPK activation by TRAF2. Mol. Cell. September 1998, 2 (3): 389–95. PMID 9774977. doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(00)80283-x可免费查阅. 
  7. ^ Hoeflich KP, Yeh WC, Yao Z, Mak TW, Woodgett JR. Mediation of TNF receptor-associated factor effector functions by apoptosis signal-regulating kinase-1 (ASK1). Oncogene. October 1999, 18 (42): 5814–20. PMID 10523862. S2CID 12132452. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1202975. 
  8. ^ Gan B, Peng X, Nagy T, Alcaraz A, Gu H, Guan JL. Role of FIP200 in cardiac and liver development and its regulation of TNFalpha and TSC-mTOR signaling pathways. J. Cell Biol. October 2006, 175 (1): 121–33. PMC 2064504可免费查阅. PMID 17015619. doi:10.1083/jcb.200604129. 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Yoneda T, Imaizumi K, Maeda M, Yui D, Manabe T, Katayama T, Sato N, Gomi F, Morihara T, Mori Y, Miyoshi K, Hitomi J, Ugawa S, Yamada S, Okabe M, Tohyama M. Regulatory mechanisms of TRAF2-mediated signal transduction by Bcl10, a MALT lymphoma-associated protein. J. Biol. Chem. April 2000, 275 (15): 11114–20. PMID 10753917. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.15.11114可免费查阅. 
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 Shu HB, Takeuchi M, Goeddel DV. The tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 signal transducers TRAF2 and c-IAP1 are components of the tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 signaling complex. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. November 1996, 93 (24): 13973–8. Bibcode:1996PNAS...9313973S. PMC 19479可免费查阅. PMID 8943045. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.24.13973可免费查阅. 
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 Uren AG, Pakusch M, Hawkins CJ, Puls KL, Vaux DL. Cloning and expression of apoptosis inhibitory protein homologs that function to inhibit apoptosis and/or bind tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. May 1996, 93 (10): 4974–8. Bibcode:1996PNAS...93.4974U. PMC 39390可免费查阅. PMID 8643514. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.10.4974可免费查阅. 
  12. ^ 12.0 12.1 Roy N, Deveraux QL, Takahashi R, Salvesen GS, Reed JC. The c-IAP-1 and c-IAP-2 proteins are direct inhibitors of specific caspases. EMBO J. Dec 1997, 16 (23): 6914–25. PMC 1170295可免费查阅. PMID 9384571. doi:10.1093/emboj/16.23.6914. 
  13. ^ 13.0 13.1 Li X, Yang Y, Ashwell JD. TNF-RII and c-IAP1 mediate ubiquitination and degradation of TRAF2. Nature. March 2002, 416 (6878): 345–7. Bibcode:2002Natur.416..345L. PMID 11907583. S2CID 4325926. doi:10.1038/416345a. 
  14. ^ Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M. Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network. Nature. October 2005, 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026. doi:10.1038/nature04209. 
  15. ^ Choi YH, Kim KB, Kim HH, Hong GS, Kwon YK, Chung CW, Park YM, Shen ZJ, Kim BJ, Lee SY, Jung YK. FLASH coordinates NF-kappa B activity via TRAF2. J. Biol. Chem. July 2001, 276 (27): 25073–7. PMID 11340079. doi:10.1074/jbc.M102941200可免费查阅. 
  16. ^ 16.0 16.1 Arch RH, Thompson CB. 4-1BB and Ox40 are members of a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-nerve growth factor receptor subfamily that bind TNF receptor-associated factors and activate nuclear factor kappaB. Mol. Cell. Biol. January 1998, 18 (1): 558–65. PMC 121523可免费查阅. PMID 9418902. doi:10.1128/MCB.18.1.558. 
  17. ^ Jang IK, Lee ZH, Kim YJ, Kim SH, Kwon BS. Human 4-1BB (CD137) signals are mediated by TRAF2 and activate nuclear factor-kappa B. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. January 1998, 242 (3): 613–20. PMID 9464265. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.8016. 
  18. ^ Yamamoto H, Kishimoto T, Minamoto S. NF-kappaB activation in CD27 signaling: involvement of TNF receptor-associated factors in its signaling and identification of functional region of CD27. J. Immunol. November 1998, 161 (9): 4753–9. PMID 9794406. S2CID 22442601. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.161.9.4753. 
  19. ^ Akiba H, Nakano H, Nishinaka S, Shindo M, Kobata T, Atsuta M, Morimoto C, Ware CF, Malinin NL, Wallach D, Yagita H, Okumura K. CD27, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, activates NF-kappaB and stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase via TRAF2, TRAF5, and NF-kappaB-inducing kinase. J. Biol. Chem. May 1998, 273 (21): 13353–8. PMID 9582383. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.21.13353可免费查阅. 
  20. ^ McWhirter SM, Pullen SS, Holton JM, Crute JJ, Kehry MR, Alber T. Crystallographic analysis of CD40 recognition and signaling by human TRAF2. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. July 1999, 96 (15): 8408–13. Bibcode:1999PNAS...96.8408M. PMC 17529可免费查阅. PMID 10411888. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.15.8408可免费查阅. 
  21. ^ Tsukamoto N, Kobayashi N, Azuma S, Yamamoto T, Inoue J. Two differently regulated nuclear factor kappaB activation pathways triggered by the cytoplasmic tail of CD40. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. February 1999, 96 (4): 1234–9. Bibcode:1999PNAS...96.1234T. PMC 15446可免费查阅. PMID 9990007. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.4.1234可免费查阅. 
  22. ^ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 Malinin NL, Boldin MP, Kovalenko AV, Wallach D. MAP3K-related kinase involved in NF-kappaB induction by TNF, CD95 and IL-1. Nature. February 1997, 385 (6616): 540–4. PMID 9020361. S2CID 4366355. doi:10.1038/385540a0. 
  23. ^ Shu HB, Halpin DR, Goeddel DV. Casper is a FADD- and caspase-related inducer of apoptosis. Immunity. June 1997, 6 (6): 751–63. PMID 9208847. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80450-1可免费查阅. 
  24. ^ Kataoka T, Budd RC, Holler N, Thome M, Martinon F, Irmler M, Burns K, Hahne M, Kennedy N, Kovacsovics M, Tschopp J. The caspase-8 inhibitor FLIP promotes activation of NF-kappaB and Erk signaling pathways. Curr. Biol. June 2000, 10 (11): 640–8. PMID 10837247. S2CID 14819939. doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(00)00512-1可免费查阅. 
  25. ^ 25.0 25.1 Devin A, Lin Y, Yamaoka S, Li Z, Karin M. The alpha and beta subunits of IkappaB kinase (IKK) mediate TRAF2-dependent IKK recruitment to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 1 in response to TNF. Mol. Cell. Biol. June 2001, 21 (12): 3986–94. PMC 87061可免费查阅. PMID 11359906. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.12.3986-3994.2001. 
  26. ^ 26.0 26.1 26.2 Li S, Wang L, Dorf ME. PKC phosphorylation of TRAF2 mediates IKKalpha/beta recruitment and K63-linked polyubiquitination. Mol. Cell. January 2009, 33 (1): 30–42. PMC 2643372可免费查阅. PMID 19150425. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2008.11.023. 
  27. ^ Régnier CH, Song HY, Gao X, Goeddel DV, Cao Z, Rothe M. Identification and characterization of an IkappaB kinase. Cell. July 1997, 90 (2): 373–83. PMID 9244310. S2CID 16217708. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80344-X可免费查阅. 
  28. ^ Feng X, Gaeta ML, Madge LA, Yang JH, Bradley JR, Pober JS. Caveolin-1 associates with TRAF2 to form a complex that is recruited to tumor necrosis factor receptors. J. Biol. Chem. March 2001, 276 (11): 8341–9. PMID 11112773. doi:10.1074/jbc.M007116200可免费查阅. 
  29. ^ Cao H, Courchesne WE, Mastick CC. A phosphotyrosine-dependent protein interaction screen reveals a role for phosphorylation of caveolin-1 on tyrosine 14: recruitment of C-terminal Src kinase. J. Biol. Chem. March 2002, 277 (11): 8771–4. PMID 11805080. doi:10.1074/jbc.C100661200可免费查阅. 
  30. ^ Yan M, Zhang Z, Brady JR, Schilbach S, Fairbrother WJ, Dixit VM. Identification of a novel death domain-containing adaptor molecule for ectodysplasin-A receptor that is mutated in crinkled mice. Curr. Biol. March 2002, 12 (5): 409–13. PMID 11882293. S2CID 9911697. doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(02)00687-5可免费查阅. 
  31. ^ Oukka M, Kim ST, Lugo G, Sun J, Wu LC, Glimcher LH. A mammalian homolog of Drosophila schnurri, KRC, regulates TNF receptor-driven responses and interacts with TRAF2. Mol. Cell. January 2002, 9 (1): 121–31. PMID 11804591. doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(01)00434-8可免费查阅. 
  32. ^ Ye X, Mehlen P, Rabizadeh S, VanArsdale T, Zhang H, Shin H, Wang JJ, Leo E, Zapata J, Hauser CA, Reed JC, Bredesen DE. TRAF family proteins interact with the common neurotrophin receptor and modulate apoptosis induction. J. Biol. Chem. October 1999, 274 (42): 30202–8. PMID 10514511. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.42.30202可免费查阅. 
  33. ^ Luftig MA, Cahir-McFarland E, Mosialos G, Kieff E. Effects of the NIK aly mutation on NF-kappaB activation by the Epstein-Barr virus latent infection membrane protein, lymphotoxin beta receptor, and CD40. J. Biol. Chem. May 2001, 276 (18): 14602–6. PMID 11278268. doi:10.1074/jbc.C100103200可免费查阅. 
  34. ^ Baud V, Liu ZG, Bennett B, Suzuki N, Xia Y, Karin M. Signaling by proinflammatory cytokines: oligomerization of TRAF2 and TRAF6 is sufficient for JNK and IKK activation and target gene induction via an amino-terminal effector domain. Genes & Development. May 1999, 13 (10): 1297–308. PMC 316725可免费查阅. PMID 10346818. doi:10.1101/gad.13.10.1297. 
  35. ^ Gallagher E, Enzler T, Matsuzawa A, Anzelon-Mills A, Otero D, Holzer R, et al. Kinase MEKK1 is required for CD40-dependent activation of the kinases Jnk and p38, germinal center formation, B cell proliferation and antibody production. Nature Immunology. January 2007, 8 (1): 57–63. PMID 17143273. S2CID 23344995. doi:10.1038/ni1421. 
  36. ^ Takaesu G, Kishida S, Hiyama A, Yamaguchi K, Shibuya H, Irie K, Ninomiya-Tsuji J, Matsumoto K. TAB2, a novel adaptor protein, mediates activation of TAK1 MAPKKK by linking TAK1 to TRAF6 in the IL-1 signal transduction pathway. Mol. Cell. April 2000, 5 (4): 649–58. PMID 10882101. doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(00)80244-0可免费查阅. 
  37. ^ Yuasa T, Ohno S, Kehrl JH, Kyriakis JM. Tumor necrosis factor signaling to stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK)/Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38. Germinal center kinase couples TRAF2 to mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase kinase 1 and SAPK while receptor interacting protein associates with a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase upstream of MKK6 and p38. J. Biol. Chem. August 1998, 273 (35): 22681–92. PMID 9712898. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.35.22681可免费查阅. 
  38. ^ Shi CS, Leonardi A, Kyriakis J, Siebenlist U, Kehrl JH. TNF-mediated activation of the stress-activated protein kinase pathway: TNF receptor-associated factor 2 recruits and activates germinal center kinase related. J. Immunol. September 1999, 163 (6): 3279–85. PMID 10477597. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.163.6.3279可免费查阅. 
  39. ^ Darnay BG, Haridas V, Ni J, Moore PA, Aggarwal BB. Characterization of the intracellular domain of receptor activator of NF-kappaB (RANK). Interaction with tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factors and activation of NF-kappab and c-Jun N-terminal kinase. J. Biol. Chem. August 1998, 273 (32): 20551–5. PMID 9685412. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.32.20551可免费查阅. 
  40. ^ Darnay BG, Ni J, Moore PA, Aggarwal BB. Activation of NF-kappaB by RANK requires tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 6 and NF-kappaB-inducing kinase. Identification of a novel TRAF6 interaction motif. J. Biol. Chem. March 1999, 274 (12): 7724–31. PMID 10075662. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.12.7724可免费查阅. 
  41. ^ Galibert L, Tometsko ME, Anderson DM, Cosman D, Dougall WC. The involvement of multiple tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factors in the signaling mechanisms of receptor activator of NF-kappaB, a member of the TNFR superfamily. J. Biol. Chem. Dec 1998, 273 (51): 34120–7. PMID 9852070. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.51.34120可免费查阅. 
  42. ^ Kim HH, Lee DE, Shin JN, Lee YS, Jeon YM, Chung CH, Ni J, Kwon BS, Lee ZH. Receptor activator of NF-kappaB recruits multiple TRAF family adaptors and activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase. FEBS Lett. January 1999, 443 (3): 297–302. PMID 10025951. S2CID 46210019. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(98)01731-1可免费查阅. 
  43. ^ 43.0 43.1 43.2 43.3 Takeuchi M, Rothe M, Goeddel DV. Anatomy of TRAF2. Distinct domains for nuclear factor-kappaB activation and association with tumor necrosis factor signaling proteins. J. Biol. Chem. August 1996, 271 (33): 19935–42. PMID 8702708. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.33.19935可免费查阅. 
  44. ^ 44.0 44.1 Hsu H, Huang J, Shu HB, Baichwal V, Goeddel DV. TNF-dependent recruitment of the protein kinase RIP to the TNF receptor-1 signaling complex. Immunity. April 1996, 4 (4): 387–96. PMID 8612133. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80252-6可免费查阅. 
  45. ^ 45.0 45.1 Tada K, Okazaki T, Sakon S, Kobarai T, Kurosawa K, Yamaoka S, Hashimoto H, Mak TW, Yagita H, Okumura K, Yeh WC, Nakano H. Critical roles of TRAF2 and TRAF5 in tumor necrosis factor-induced NF-kappa B activation and protection from cell death. J. Biol. Chem. September 2001, 276 (39): 36530–4. PMID 11479302. doi:10.1074/jbc.M104837200可免费查阅. 
  46. ^ Xia P, Wang L, Moretti PA, Albanese N, Chai F, Pitson SM, D'Andrea RJ, Gamble JR, Vadas MA. Sphingosine kinase interacts with TRAF2 and dissects tumor necrosis factor-alpha signaling. J. Biol. Chem. March 2002, 277 (10): 7996–8003. PMID 11777919. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111423200可免费查阅. 
  47. ^ 47.0 47.1 47.2 47.3 47.4 Bouwmeester T, Bauch A, Ruffner H, Angrand PO, Bergamini G, Croughton K, Cruciat C, Eberhard D, Gagneur J, Ghidelli S, Hopf C, Huhse B, Mangano R, Michon AM, Schirle M, Schlegl J, Schwab M, Stein MA, Bauer A, Casari G, Drewes G, Gavin AC, Jackson DB, Joberty G, Neubauer G, Rick J, Kuster B, Superti-Furga G. A physical and functional map of the human TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B signal transduction pathway. Nat. Cell Biol. February 2004, 6 (2): 97–105. PMID 14743216. S2CID 11683986. doi:10.1038/ncb1086. 
  48. ^ 48.0 48.1 Rothe M, Xiong J, Shu HB, Williamson K, Goddard A, Goeddel DV. I-TRAF is a novel TRAF-interacting protein that regulates TRAF-mediated signal transduction. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. August 1996, 93 (16): 8241–6. Bibcode:1996PNAS...93.8241R. PMC 38654可免费查阅. PMID 8710854. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.16.8241可免费查阅. 
  49. ^ Nomura F, Kawai T, Nakanishi K, Akira S. NF-kappaB activation through IKK-i-dependent I-TRAF/TANK phosphorylation. Genes Cells. March 2000, 5 (3): 191–202. PMID 10759890. S2CID 8489218. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2443.2000.00315.x. 
  50. ^ Pomerantz JL, Baltimore D. NF-kappaB activation by a signaling complex containing TRAF2, TANK and TBK1, a novel IKK-related kinase. EMBO J. Dec 1999, 18 (23): 6694–704. PMC 1171732可免费查阅. PMID 10581243. doi:10.1093/emboj/18.23.6694. 
  51. ^ Bonnard M, Mirtsos C, Suzuki S, Graham K, Huang J, Ng M, Itié A, Wakeham A, Shahinian A, Henzel WJ, Elia AJ, Shillinglaw W, Mak TW, Cao Z, Yeh WC. Deficiency of T2K leads to apoptotic liver degeneration and impaired NF-kappaB-dependent gene transcription. EMBO J. September 2000, 19 (18): 4976–85. PMC 314216可免费查阅. PMID 10990461. doi:10.1093/emboj/19.18.4976. 
  52. ^ Song HY, Rothe M, Goeddel DV. The tumor necrosis factor-inducible zinc finger protein A20 interacts with TRAF1/TRAF2 and inhibits NF-kappaB activation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. June 1996, 93 (13): 6721–5. Bibcode:1996PNAS...93.6721S. PMC 39093可免费查阅. PMID 8692885. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.13.6721可免费查阅. 
  53. ^ Xia XZ, Treanor J, Senaldi G, Khare SD, Boone T, Kelley M, Theill LE, Colombero A, Solovyev I, Lee F, McCabe S, Elliott R, Miner K, Hawkins N, Guo J, Stolina M, Yu G, Wang J, Delaney J, Meng SY, Boyle WJ, Hsu H. TACI is a TRAF-interacting receptor for TALL-1, a tumor necrosis factor family member involved in B cell regulation. J. Exp. Med. July 2000, 192 (1): 137–43. PMC 1887716可免费查阅. PMID 10880535. doi:10.1084/jem.192.1.137. 
  54. ^ 54.0 54.1 Marsters SA, Ayres TM, Skubatch M, Gray CL, Rothe M, Ashkenazi A. Herpesvirus entry mediator, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family, interacts with members of the TNFR-associated factor family and activates the transcription factors NF-kappaB and AP-1. J. Biol. Chem. May 1997, 272 (22): 14029–32. PMID 9162022. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.22.14029可免费查阅. 
  55. ^ Hsu H, Solovyev I, Colombero A, Elliott R, Kelley M, Boyle WJ. ATAR, a novel tumor necrosis factor receptor family member, signals through TRAF2 and TRAF5. J. Biol. Chem. May 1997, 272 (21): 13471–4. PMID 9153189. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.21.13471可免费查阅. 
  56. ^ 56.0 56.1 Hsu H, Shu HB, Pan MG, Goeddel DV. TRADD-TRAF2 and TRADD-FADD interactions define two distinct TNF receptor 1 signal transduction pathways. Cell. January 1996, 84 (2): 299–308. PMID 8565075. S2CID 13171355. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80984-8可免费查阅. 
  57. ^ Hostager BS, Bishop GA. Role of TNF receptor-associated factor 2 in the activation of IgM secretion by CD40 and CD120b. J. Immunol. April 2002, 168 (7): 3318–22. PMID 11907088. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.168.7.3318可免费查阅. 
  58. ^ Carpentier I, Coornaert B, Beyaert R. Smurf2 is a TRAF2 binding protein that triggers TNF-R2 ubiquitination and TNF-R2-induced JNK activation. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. October 2008, 374 (4): 752–7. PMID 18671942. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.07.103. 
  59. ^ Kuai J, Nickbarg E, Wooters J, Qiu Y, Wang J, Lin LL. Endogenous association of TRAF2, TRAF3, cIAP1, and Smac with lymphotoxin beta receptor reveals a novel mechanism of apoptosis. J. Biol. Chem. April 2003, 278 (16): 14363–9. PMID 12571250. doi:10.1074/jbc.M208672200可免费查阅. 
  60. ^ Park YC, Ye H, Hsia C, Segal D, Rich RL, Liou HC, Myszka DG, Wu H. A novel mechanism of TRAF signaling revealed by structural and functional analyses of the TRADD-TRAF2 interaction. Cell. June 2000, 101 (7): 777–87. PMID 10892748. S2CID 5928713. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80889-2可免费查阅. 
  61. ^ Tsao DH, McDonagh T, Telliez JB, Hsu S, Malakian K, Xu GY, Lin LL. Solution structure of N-TRADD and characterization of the interaction of N-TRADD and C-TRAF2, a key step in the TNFR1 signaling pathway. Mol. Cell. June 2000, 5 (6): 1051–7. PMID 10911999. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80270-1可免费查阅. 
  62. ^ Lee SY, Lee SY, Choi Y. TRAF-interacting protein (TRIP): a novel component of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)- and CD30-TRAF signaling complexes that inhibits TRAF2-mediated NF-kappaB activation. J. Exp. Med. April 1997, 185 (7): 1275–85. PMC 2196258可免费查阅. PMID 9104814. doi:10.1084/jem.185.7.1275. 
  63. ^ Deng L, Wang C, Spencer E, Yang L, Braun A, You J, Slaughter C, Pickart C, Chen ZJ. Activation of the IkappaB kinase complex by TRAF6 requires a dimeric ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme complex and a unique polyubiquitin chain. Cell. October 2000, 103 (2): 351–61. PMID 11057907. S2CID 18154645. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)00126-4可免费查阅.