Help:古吉拉特語國際音標
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(重定向自Help:IPA-GU)
![]() | 這頁是維基百科的古吉拉特語國際音標發音指南。 |
下列图表展示了国际音标(IPA)在维基百科条目中表示古吉拉特语发音的方式。对于有关在维基百科条目中添加IPA字符的指南,请参见{{IPA-gu}}与Wikipedia:格式手册/音标 § Notes。
请参阅古吉拉特语音系以更全面地了解古吉拉特语的发音。
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注释
[编辑]- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 The voiced aspirated stops /ɡʱ, dʱ, bʱ/ and /pʰ/ have spirant allophones [ɣ, ð, β, f].Cardona & Suthar (2003:665頁)
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 The voiced retroflex stops and the nasal /ɖʱ, ɖ, ɳ/ have flapped allophones [ɽʱ, ɽ, ɽ̃]. Intervocalically all three are flapped. The stops are also flapped when before or after other consonants.Mistry (1997:659頁) The stops are unflapped initially, geminated, and postnasally; and flapped intervocalically, finally, and before or after other consonants.Masica (1991:97頁).
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 While there is dialectal variation in this regard, for Wikipedia transcriptions [ʃ] appears contiguous with palatal segments and [ʂ] appears before retroflex consonants: [spəʂʈ] ('clear').Mistry (1997:658頁)
- ^ Gujarati contrasts murmured and non-murmured vowels, except for /e/ and /o/.Cardona & Suthar (2003:662頁) Mistry (2003:116頁).
参考文献
[编辑]- Cardona, George; Suthar, Babu, Gujarati, Cardona, George; Jain, Dhanesh (编), The Indo-Aryan Languages, Routledge, 2003, ISBN 978-0-415-77294-5
- Masica, Colin, The Indo-Aryan Languages, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991, ISBN 978-0-521-29944-2
- Mistry, P.J., Gujarati Phonology, Kaye, A.S (编), Phonologies of Asia and Africa, Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 1997, ISBN 1-57506-019-1
- Mistry, P.J., Gujarati, Frawley, William (编), International Encyclopedia of Linguistics 2 2nd, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003, ISBN 0-19-516784-8