這頁是維基百科的西班牙语国际音标發音指南 。
一般使用卡斯蒂利亚发音。除了涉及到有/θ / 和 /ʎ / 发音的单词
辅音
IPA
举例
英语近似发音
汉语拼音近似发音
b [1]
b estia; emb uste; v aca; env idia; fútb ol
b est
浊音b
β
beb é; ob tuso; viv ir; curv a
介于 bab y和 bev y之间
介于v和b之间,浊音
d [1]
d edo; cuand o; ald aba
d ead
浊音d
ð
dád iva; ard er; ad mirar
th is
无
f
f ase; caf é
f ace
f
ɡ [1]
g ato; leng ua; gu erra
g ot
浊音g
ɣ
trig o; amarg o; sigu e; sig no
类似于 g o, 但不像g那样完全阻住气流
类似于 g , 但不像g那样完全阻住气流
ʝ [1] [2]
ay uno; poy o
y ou
ɟʝ [1] [2]
cóny uge; aby ecto
j ob
类似于zh
k
c aña; lac a; qu ise; k ilo
sc an
g
l
l ino; al haja; principal
l ean
l
ʎ [1] [2]
ll ave; poll o
milli on
类似于li
m [3]
m adre; com er; cam po; an fibio
m other
m
n [3]
n ido; an illo; an helo; sin ; álbum
n eed
n
ɲ [3]
ñ andú; cañ ón; en yesar
cany on
类似于ni
ŋ [3]
cin co; ven ga; con quista
sing
ang
p
p ozo; top o
sp ouse
p
r [4]
r umbo; carr o; honr a; amor ; amor eter no
trilled r
无(大舌颤音 )
ɾ [4]
car o; br avo; amor eterno
batt er (American English)
无
s [5]
s aco; es pita; x enón
s ack
s
θ [5]
c ereal; enc ima; z orro; enz ima; paz
th ing
无
t
t amiz; át omo
st and
d
tʃ
ch ubasco; acech ar
ch oose
类似于ch
v [6]
af gano
v an
浊音f
x
j amón; ej e; reloj ; g eneral; Méx ico[7]
Scottish loch
h
z [6]
is la; mis mo; des huesar
quiz
浊音s,平舌r
Marginal phonemes
IPA
举例
英语近似发音
ʃ [8]
sh ow; Roch er; Freix enet
sh ack
类似于sh
ts
abertz ale; Pátz cuaro
cats
c
单元音
IPA
举例
英语近似发音
a
a za ha r
fa ther
e
ve he me nte
se t
i
di mi ti r; mí o; y
see
o
bo sco so
so le
u
cu cu ru cho; dú o
foo d
半元音
[9]
IPA
举例
英语近似发音
j
ali ada; ci elo; ampli o; ci udad
y et
w [10]
cu adro; fu ego; Hu ila ardu o
w ine
重音和音节
IPA
举例
英语近似发音
ˈ
ciudad [θjuˈðað]
domain
.
mí o [ˈmi.o]
Ma yan
^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 /b, d, ɡ, ʝ/ are pronounced as the fricatives or approximants [β̞, ð̞, ɣ̞, ʝ̞] ; represented here without the undertacks) in all places except after a pausa, after an /n/ or /m/ or, in the case of /d/ and /ʝ/ , after an /l/ , in which contexts they are stops [b, d, ɡ, ɟʝ] , like English b, d, g, j , except that they are fully voiced in all positions unlike their English counterparts.
^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Most Spanish speakers no longer distinguish /ʎ/ from /ʝ / ; the actual realization depends on dialect, however.
^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 The nasal consonants /n, m, ɲ/ only contrast before vowels.
^ 4.0 4.1 The rhotic consonants /ɾ/ and /r/ contrast only between vowels.
^ 5.0 5.1 Northern and Central Spain still distinguish between ⟨ s⟩ (/s / ) and soft ⟨ c⟩ or ⟨ z⟩ (/θ / ).
^ 6.0 6.1 [v] and [z] are allophones of, respectively, /f/ and /s/ before voiced consonants .
^ The letter ⟨ x⟩ represents /x/ only in certain proper names like Ximena and some placenames in current or former Mexico (Oaxaca , Texas ).
^ /ʃ/ is used only in loanwords and certain proper nouns.
^ The semivowels [w ] and [j ] can be combined with vowels to form rising diphthongs (e.g. ci elo , cu adro ).
^ Some speakers may pronounce word-initial [w] with an epenthetic [ɡ] ; e.g.