草稿:自行车队
提示：此草稿的主题不是自行车俱乐部。自行车队（英語：Cycling team）是加入或被招募并一起参与训练的自行车运动员，及其相关的后援人员，他们参加业余或专业的自行车比赛。自行车队在公路自行车赛尤为重要，因为公路自行车是一项团队运动。同时在场地自行车赛和公路越野赛等项目中，团队成员之间的合作也一样重要。
组成
[编辑]虽然车手是自行车队的核心，但顶级车队不可缺少参与后援和训练的人员。其中包括：
- 经理（Manager），负责监督团队的投入、赞助和总体运营。
- 体育总监（Directeur sportifs），负责前往比赛现场并制定比赛策略；在规模较大的自行车队中，他们通常驾驶后勤车队车辆，并通过无线电与车手保持联系。
- 教练（Coaches），负责指导车队的训练。
- 医生（Doctors），负责检查车手的健康，并经常确保骑手符合与兴奋剂相关的规定。
- 治疗师（Therapists），协助教练。
- 保姆（Soigneurs）负责照料车手饮食、服装、按摩和护送的助手；源自法语，意为“提供照顾的人”。[1][2]
- 机械师（Mechanics），负责维护车队的设备。
除此之外，还有负责赞助、营销和公关的人员。
投入程度
[编辑]自行车队与车手之间的投入程度各不相同。业余车队的定义范围很广，从一群骑手利用业余时间组成的车队，到拥有为骑手提供装备和资金的车队。顶级职业车队必须在国际自行车联盟（UCI）注册，该联盟负责执行职业比赛的规则和积分制度。
公路自行车
[编辑]Team members have different specializations. Climbing specialists grind away on hard inclines; sprinters save their energy for sprints for points and position; time trialists keep speed high over great distances.
Each team has a leader and captain, generally reckoned as the team's most experienced rider. The leaders have the most media exposure and the best chance of winning races. The rest of the team's members are domestiques, or secondary riders, who shield the leader from opponents and deliver food and drinks to him. However, any team member is allowed to go for a stage win.
In one-day races, one or several leaders are chosen according to demands of the race. In stage races, teams focus on different goals. For example, during the 2005 Tour de France teams such as Discovery Channel or T-Mobile focused on the general classification while other teams tried to win stages or one of the other classifications. In the 2004 Tour de France, Quick-Step-Davitamon helped Richard Virenque win the mountains classification while Lotto-Domo helped Robbie McEwen win the points classification. Smaller teams may simply get riders into a long breakaway to get coverage on television. Most professional teams have 10-20 riders.
Teams are generally sponsored in exchange for advertising on clothing and other endorsements. Sponsorship ranges from small businesses to international companies.
The Tour de France between 1930 and the late 1950s was for national teams which carried no prominent commercial advertising.
另见
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参考资料
[编辑]- ^ Traduction : soigner - Dictionnaire français-anglais Larousse. Larousse.fr. [2016-02-24].
- ^ Traduction : soigneur - Dictionnaire français-anglais Larousse. Larousse.fr. [2016-02-24].