船底座x

**船底座V382**
	Location of V382 Carinae (circled)
觀測資料; 曆元 J2000
星座	船底座
星官	近南极星区海石
赤經	11h 08m 35.39s
赤緯	-58° 58′ 30.1″
視星等（V）	+3.83 (3.84 - 4.02)
特性
光谱分类	G0-4-Ia+
U−B 色指数	+0.96
B−V 色指数	+1.26
变星类型	慢不規則變星
天体测定
徑向速度 (Rv)	+6.00 km/s
自行 (μ)	赤经：−4.97 mas/yr ; 赤纬：1.67 mas/yr
视差 (π)	0.52 ± 0.17 mas
距离	approx. 6,000 ly ; (approx. 1,900 pc)
绝对星等 (MV)	−9.0
詳細資料
質量	24±5.1 M☉
半徑	485 R☉
表面重力 (log g)	0.50
亮度	212,000 ± 12,300 L☉
溫度	5,625 ± 312 K
金屬量	+0.05
年齡	6.8 Myr
其他命名
	x Carinae, HR 4337, HD 96918, CP−58°3189, FK5 1289, HIP 54463, SAO 238813, GC 15329
參考資料庫
SIMBAD	资料

船底座V382，也稱為船底座x (x Car)，中文名为海石增四，是船底座的一顆恆星。

船底座V382是一顆黃色的G-型特超巨星，平均視星等為+3.93，與地球的距離為5930.90光年。

變星

船底座V382也是一顆變星，變光範圍在 +3.84 至 +4.02，大小高達太陽的747倍。这个恒星是一个变幅微小的变星，类似造父变星但未能得到其具体变光周期。根据该星的大小和温度可以大致推算出该星的全波辐射光度，大约为太阳的48万倍。

人們早已知道船底座V382的徑向速度是可變的，但其亮度變化尚不清楚。一些觀察者發現船底座V382亮度有所變化，但其他人發現船底座V382亮度保持不變^[11]。

船底座V382於1981年被正式歸類為變星，並被列為可能經典造父變星^[12]^[3]。船底座V382被描述為偽造父變星，一種脈動與造父變星相似但不太規律的超巨星^[9]。

依巴谷衛星光度測定的分析顯示出亮度存在明顯的變化，最大範圍為0.12等，船底座V382被視為天鵝座α型變星。有人建議將亮度變化週期定為556天，但沒有獲得天文學家共識^[13]。現在船底座V382通常被視為半規則或不規則變星^[9]^[5]。

性質

船底座V382是夜空中最亮的黃色特超巨星，肉眼即可輕易看到，比螣蛇十二更亮，儘管北半球大部分地區看不到船底座V382。船底座V382距離地球6,200光年，直徑約為太陽半徑的500倍^[8]。如果船底座V382位於太陽系的中心，表面將延伸到小行星帶。巨大的尺寸意味著船底座V382的亮度是太陽的200,000倍以上。低紅外線過量表明船底座V382可能正在冷卻，向紅超巨星階段發展，這種階段比黃超巨星向更高溫度演化的情況要少見^[4]^[14]。

註釋

^ 應用斯特凡-波茲曼定律和太陽有效溫度 7003577200000000000♠5,772 K:
${\sqrt {(5772/5625)^{4}*212,079}}=484.91\ R\odot$

參考資料

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 https://doi.org/10.1051%2F0004-6361%3A20078357
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Ducati, J. R. VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Photometry in Johnson's 11-color system. CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues. 2002, 2237. Bibcode:2002yCat.2237....0D.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013). VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 2009, 1. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Achmad, L.; et al. A photometric study of the G0-4 Ia(+) hypergiant HD 96918 (V382 Carinae). Astronomy and Astrophysics. 1992, 259: 600–606. Bibcode:1992A&A...259..600A.
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 Watson, C. L. The International Variable Star Index (VSX). The Society for Astronomical Sciences 25th Annual Symposium on Telescope Science. Held May 23–25. 2006, 25: 47. Bibcode:2006SASS...25...47W.
^ Gontcharov, G. A. Pulkovo Compilation of Radial Velocities for 35 495 Hipparcos stars in a common system. Astronomy Letters. 2006, 32 (11): 759–771. Bibcode:2006AstL...32..759G. S2CID 119231169. arXiv:1606.08053 . doi:10.1134/S1063773706110065.
^ ^7.0 ^7.1 Tetzlaff, N; Neuhäuser, R; Hohle, M. M. A catalogue of young runaway Hipparcos stars within 3 kpc from the Sun. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2011, 410 (1): 190–200. Bibcode:2011MNRAS.410..190T. S2CID 118629873. arXiv:1007.4883 . doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17434.x .
^ ^8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 ^8.3 Groenewegen, M. A. T. Analysing the spectral energy distributions of Galactic classical Cepheids. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2020, 635: A33. Bibcode:2020A&A...635A..33G. S2CID 211043995. arXiv:2002.02186 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937060.
^ ^9.0 ^9.1 ^9.2 ^9.3 Usenko, I. A.; Kniazev, A. Yu.; Berdnikov, L. N.; Kravtsov, V. V. Spectroscopic studies of Cepheids (S Cru, AP Pup, AX Cir, S TrA, T Cru, R Mus, S Mus, U Car) and semiregular bright supergiants (V382 Car, HD 75276, R Pup) in the southern hemisphere. Astronomy Letters. 2011, 37 (7): 499. Bibcode:2011AstL...37..499U. S2CID 122968535. doi:10.1134/S1063773711070061.
^ Hipparcos Tools Interactive Data Access. Hipparcos. ESA. [8 December 2021].
^ Balona, L. A. Radial Velocity Observations of Yellow Supergiants. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 1982, 201: 105–110. Bibcode:1982MNRAS.201..105B. doi:10.1093/mnras/201.1.105 .
^ Kholopov, P. N.; Samus', N. N.; Kukarkina, N. P.; Medvedeva, G. I.; Perova, N. B. 65th Name-List of Variable Stars. Information Bulletin on Variable Stars. 1981, 1921: 1. Bibcode:1981IBVS.1921....1K.
^ Van Leeuwen, F.; Van Genderen, A. M.; Zegelaar, I. Hipparcos photometry of 24 variable massive stars (α Cygni variables). Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 1998, 128: 117–129. Bibcode:1998A&AS..128..117V. doi:10.1051/aas:1998129 .
^ Stothers, R. B.; Chin, C. W. Yellow Hypergiants as Dynamically Unstable Post–Red Supergiant Stars. The Astrophysical Journal. 2001, 560 (2): 934. Bibcode:2001ApJ...560..934S. doi:10.1086/322438 . hdl:2060/20010083764 .

这是一篇与變星相关的小作品。您可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。

[radius-9] 應用斯特凡-波茲曼定律和太陽有效溫度 7003577200000000000♠5,772 K:
${\sqrt {(5772/5625)^{4}*212,079}}=484.91\ R\odot$

[hipparcos-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 https://doi.org/10.1051%2F0004-6361%3A20078357

[ducati-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Ducati, J. R. VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Photometry in Johnson's 11-color system. CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues. 2002, 2237. Bibcode:2002yCat.2237....0D.

[gcvs-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013). VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 2009, 1. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.

[achmad-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Achmad, L.; et al. A photometric study of the G0-4 Ia(+) hypergiant HD 96918 (V382 Carinae). Astronomy and Astrophysics. 1992, 259: 600–606. Bibcode:1992A&A...259..600A.

[vsx-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Watson, C. L. The International Variable Star Index (VSX). The Society for Astronomical Sciences 25th Annual Symposium on Telescope Science. Held May 23–25. 2006, 25: 47. Bibcode:2006SASS...25...47W.

[6] Gontcharov, G. A. Pulkovo Compilation of Radial Velocities for 35 495 Hipparcos stars in a common system. Astronomy Letters. 2006, 32 (11): 759–771. Bibcode:2006AstL...32..759G. S2CID 119231169. arXiv:1606.08053 . doi:10.1134/S1063773706110065.

[tetzlaff-7] 7.0 ^7.1 Tetzlaff, N; Neuhäuser, R; Hohle, M. M. A catalogue of young runaway Hipparcos stars within 3 kpc from the Sun. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2011, 410 (1): 190–200. Bibcode:2011MNRAS.410..190T. S2CID 118629873. arXiv:1007.4883 . doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17434.x .

[cepheids-8] 8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 ^8.3 Groenewegen, M. A. T. Analysing the spectral energy distributions of Galactic classical Cepheids. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2020, 635: A33. Bibcode:2020A&A...635A..33G. S2CID 211043995. arXiv:2002.02186 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937060.

[usenko-10] 9.0 ^9.1 ^9.2 ^9.3 Usenko, I. A.; Kniazev, A. Yu.; Berdnikov, L. N.; Kravtsov, V. V. Spectroscopic studies of Cepheids (S Cru, AP Pup, AX Cir, S TrA, T Cru, R Mus, S Mus, U Car) and semiregular bright supergiants (V382 Car, HD 75276, R Pup) in the southern hemisphere. Astronomy Letters. 2011, 37 (7): 499. Bibcode:2011AstL...37..499U. S2CID 122968535. doi:10.1134/S1063773711070061.

[HipDataAccess-11] Hipparcos Tools Interactive Data Access. Hipparcos. ESA. [8 December 2021].

[balona-12] Balona, L. A. Radial Velocity Observations of Yellow Supergiants. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 1982, 201: 105–110. Bibcode:1982MNRAS.201..105B. doi:10.1093/mnras/201.1.105 .

[ibvs-13] Kholopov, P. N.; Samus', N. N.; Kukarkina, N. P.; Medvedeva, G. I.; Perova, N. B. 65th Name-List of Variable Stars. Information Bulletin on Variable Stars. 1981, 1921: 1. Bibcode:1981IBVS.1921....1K.

[14] Van Leeuwen, F.; Van Genderen, A. M.; Zegelaar, I. Hipparcos photometry of 24 variable massive stars (α Cygni variables). Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 1998, 128: 117–129. Bibcode:1998A&AS..128..117V. doi:10.1051/aas:1998129 .

[stothers-15] Stothers, R. B.; Chin, C. W. Yellow Hypergiants as Dynamically Unstable Post–Red Supergiant Stars. The Astrophysical Journal. 2001, 560 (2): 934. Bibcode:2001ApJ...560..934S. doi:10.1086/322438 . hdl:2060/20010083764 .

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觀測資料曆元 J2000
Location of V382 Carinae (circled)
星座	船底座
星官	近南极星区海石
赤經	11^h 08^m 35.39^s^[1]
赤緯	-58° 58′ 30.1″^[1]
視星等（V）	+3.83^[2] (3.84 - 4.02^[3])
特性
光谱分类	G0-4-Ia⁺^[4]
U−B 色指数	+0.96^[2]
B−V 色指数	+1.26^[2]
变星类型	慢不規則變星^[5]
天体测定

徑向速度 (R_v)	+6.00^[6] km/s
自行 (μ)	赤经：−4.97^[1] mas/yr 赤纬：1.67^[1] mas/yr
视差 (π)	0.52 ± 0.17^[1] mas
距离	approx. 6,000 ly (approx. 1,900 pc)
绝对星等 (M_V)	−9.0^[4]

詳細資料

質量	7001240000000000000♠24±5.1^[7] M_☉
半徑	485^[8]^[a] R_☉
表面重力 (log g)	0.50^[9]
亮度	212,000 ± 12,300^[8] L_☉
溫度	5,625 ± 312^[8] K
金屬量	+0.05^[9]
年齡	6.8^[7] Myr

其他命名
x Carinae, HR 4337, HD 96918, CP−58°3189, FK5 1289, HIP 54463, SAO 238813, GC 15329
參考資料庫
SIMBAD	资料