圣衣 (宗教礼服)
外观
(重定向自聖衣 (宗教禮服))
“圣衣”(天主教又稱祭衣)指的是基督教圣职人员在进行宗教仪式时所穿戴的服装,不同教派对其界定有不同见解。
基督教建立之初是没有比较正式的礼服的,原因取决于早期基督教受迫害的社会地位以至无暇考虑。直到基督教国教化后才有所改善。
西方
[编辑]西方基督教的圣衣主要是受拉丁和哥特文化影响比较大,相互之间有许多共同点可言,但是高派和低派的服装差异则比较大,高派基本保持了传统的圣衣服饰,低派保留的则大多数较少。
高派
[编辑]哥特式
[编辑]
哥特式通行于北欧、北德等高派教会领地,特点就是祭披展开后是正圆形或者椭圆形的。
罗马式
[编辑]罗马式通行于意大利,特点是祭披是一个马甲。

欧洲式
[编辑]主教专属
[编辑]教宗专属
[编辑]低派
[编辑]低派的服饰比较随意,但是绝大多数已经不再佩戴祭披了,部分教会还会保留大白衣,但是还有很多低派教会就是在神职常服或者便服的基础上加一个圣带便了事。还有许多教派则完全放弃了传统服饰,身上穿着几乎看不出为神职人员。
东方
[编辑]拜占庭式祭披多用于东正教会和东仪天主教会,此祭披亦可分为希腊式和斯拉夫式。主要区别是希腊式有一直排领口,而斯拉夫式没有,斯拉夫式的后领较高,而希腊式没有。
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当有许多司祭共祭时 着此服者为主祭 |
事奉圣衣 | 晚祷圣衣 |
参考文献
[编辑]- Boyle, J. R. (1896) Ecclesiastical Vestments: their origin and significance. London: A. Brown & Sons
- Dwyer-McNulty, Sally. Common Threads: A Cultural History of Clothing in American Catholicism. The University of North Carolina Press. 2014. ISBN 978-1469614090.
- Fortescue, Adrian (1934) Ceremonies of the Roman Rite Described; 5th ed. London: Burns, Oates & Washbourne
- Johnstone, Pauline (2004) "High Fashion in the Church: the Place of Church Vestments in the History of Art from the Ninth to the Nineteenth Century," review on Catholics
- Lamburn, E. C. R., edited and largely re-written by. (1964) Ritual Notes: a comprehensive guide to the rites and ceremonies of the Book of Common Prayer of the English Church interpreted in accordance with the latest revisions of the Western Use; 11th ed. London: W. Knott (based on the work compiled by John Nelson Burrows and Walter Plimpton ca. 1893)
- Lesage, Robert (1960) Vestments and Church Furniture; translated from the French by Fergus Murphy. London: Burns & Oates (French ed.: 'Objets et habits liturgiques'. Paris: Fayard)
- Norris, Herbert (1949) Church Vestments, their origin & development. London: J. M. Dent (reissued by Dover, Mineola, NY, 2002 ISBN 0486422569)
- Roulin, Eugène Augustin (1931) Vestments and Vesture: a manual of liturgical art; translated by Dom Justin McCann. London: Sands & Co. (French ed.: 'Linges, insignes et vêtements liturgiques')