撫仙湖蟲
外观
撫仙湖蟲屬![]() 化石时期:寒武紀前期,
| |
---|---|
![]() | |
撫仙湖蟲的化石 | |
科学分类 ![]() | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 节肢动物门 Arthropoda |
演化支: | †次足類 Deuteropoda |
目: | †撫仙湖蟲目 Fuxianhuiida |
科: | †撫仙湖蟲科 Fuxianhuiidae |
属: | †撫仙湖蟲屬 Fuxianhuia Hou, 1987 |
模式種 | |
延長撫仙湖蟲 Fuxianhuia protensa Hou, 1987[2]
| |
其他物種 | |
|
撫仙湖蟲(屬名:Fuxianhuia)是生存於寒武紀第三期的原始海生節肢動物,也是已知最早具有心血管系統的生物[3],化石發現於中國雲南的昆明和玉溪,屬名即來自首次化石記錄的所在地玉溪撫仙湖,是澂江生物群的代表生物之一。[4]
描述
[编辑]撫仙湖蟲成蟲體長10公分,有31個體節,外骨骼分為頭、胸、腹三部分,背、腹分節數目不一致,與泥盆紀直蝦類化石類似,而直蝦是現代昆蟲的祖先,這間接表明了撫仙湖蟲是昆蟲的遠祖。撫仙湖蟲消化道充滿泥沙,這表明牠是食泥的動物。[5][6][7][8][9]
分布
[编辑]撫仙湖蟲的化石分佈廣泛,位於雲南省玉溪市澂江縣東6公里的帽天山附近的帽天山化石帶,呈帶狀蜿蜒分佈,這條分佈帶長20公里,寬4.5公里,埋藏深度在50公尺以上。
參考文獻
[编辑]- ^ Yang, Jie; Ortega-Hernández, Javier; Butterfield, Nicholas J.; Zhang, Xi-guang. Specialized appendages in fuxianhuiids and the head organization of early euarthropods. Nature. 2013-02, 494 (7438): 468–471 [2025-04-25]. ISSN 0028-0836. doi:10.1038/nature11874 (英语).
- ^ 侯先光. 雲南澄江早寒武世三個新的大型節肢動物. 古生物學報. 1987, 26: 272–285. ISSN 0001-6616.
- ^ Ma, Xiaoya; Cong, Peiyun; Hou, Xianguang; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Strausfeld, Nicholas J. An exceptionally preserved arthropod cardiovascular system from the early Cambrian. Nature Communications. 2014-04-07, 5 (1): 3560 [2025-04-25]. ISSN 2041-1723. doi:10.1038/ncomms4560 (英语).
- ^ Dunham, Will. Sea creature fossil found with oldest-known cardiovascular system. Reuters. [2017-07-22]. (原始内容存档于2014-10-18).
- ^ Chen, Jun-yuan; Zhou, Gui-qing; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Ramsköld, Lars. Head Segmentation in Early Cambrian Fuxianhuia : Implications for Arthropod Evolution. Science. 1995-06-02, 268 (5215): 1339-1343 [2025-04-25]. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17778981. doi:10.1126/science.268.5215.1339 (英语).
- ^ Waloszek, Dieter; Chen, Junyuan; Maas, Andreas; Wang, Xiuqiang. Early Cambrian arthropods—new insights into arthropod head and structural evolution. Arthropod Structure & Development. 2005-04-01, 34 (2): 189-205 [2025-04-25]. ISSN 1467-8039. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2005.01.005.
- ^ Scholtz, Gerhard; Edgecombe, Gregory D. The evolution of arthropod heads: reconciling morphological, developmental and palaeontological evidence. Development Genes and Evolution. 2006-07-01, 216 (7): 395-415 [2025-04-25]. ISSN 1432-041X. doi:10.1007/s00427-006-0085-4 (英语).
- ^ Ma, Xiaoya; Hou, Xianguang; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Strausfeld, Nicholas J. Complex brain and optic lobes in an early Cambrian arthropod. Nature. 2012-10, 490 (7419): 258-261 [2025-04-25]. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 23060195. doi:10.1038/nature11495 (英语).
- ^ Sea creature fossil found with oldest-known cardiovascular system. Yahoo News. 2014-04-07 [2025-04-25] (美国英语).