努米底亞獸科

努米底亞獸科; 化石时期：晚古新世－早漸新世 PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
	磷灰獸屬復原圖
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	脊索动物门 Chordata
纲：	哺乳纲 Mammalia
目：	长鼻目 Proboscidea
亚目：	†近象亞目 Plesielephantiformes
科：	†努米底亞獸科 Numidotheriidae; Shoshani & Tassy, 1992
屬
	†神秘獸屬 Arcanotherium; †道維獸屬（英语：Daouitherium） Daouitherium; †努米底亞獸屬（英语：Numidotherium） Numidotherium; †磷灰獸屬 Phosphatherium;

努米底亞獸科（[Numidotheriidae] 错误：{{Langx}}：文本有斜体标记（帮助））為長鼻目下已滅絕的一科，生存於古新世晚期至漸新世早期的北非^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]。

發現史

生存於始新世早期的道維獸屬（英语：Daouitherium）及磷灰獸屬，其化石（主要為牙齒）發現於摩洛哥的烏勒德-阿卜杜盆地。努米底亞獸屬（英语：Numidotherium）則於阿爾及利亞南部及利比亞發現了近乎完整的骨骼化石，地層年代同樣屬於早始新世。

描述

相較於現存象，努米底亞獸科物種的體型非常小,例如磷灰獸屬的肩高僅有30厘米（12英寸）、體重約為17公斤（37磅）^[7]；而體型較大的努米底亞獸屬肩高可達90—100厘米（35—39英寸）、體重則可達250—300公斤（550—660磅）^[7]。努米底亞獸科被認為不屬於現存象的直系祖先，而是長鼻目一個早期分歧的演化支。

古生態學

努米底亞獸科物種的生態位類似於現存的貘或始祖象屬，在濕地中以柔軟的水生植物為食。

參考文獻

^ N. Court. 1995. A new species of Numidotherium (Mammalia, Proboscidea) from the Eocene of Libya and the early phylogeny of the Proboscidea. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 15(3):650-671.
^ C. Delmer. 2009. Reassessment of the generic attribution of Numidotherium savagei and the homologies of lower incisors in proboscideans. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 54(4):561-580
^ Gheerbrant, E.; Sudre, J.; Cappetta, H.; Iarochène, M.; Amaghzaz, M.; Bouya, B. A new large mammal from the Ypresian of Morocco: Evidence of surprising diversity of early proboscideans (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 2002, 47 (3): 493–506 [2025-02-01]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-01-08）.
^ Mahboubi, M.; Ameur, R.; Crochet, J.−Y.; Jaeger, J.−J. (1986). "El Kohol (Saharan Atlas, Algeria): A new Eocene mammals locality in North Western Africa". Palaeontographica. 192 (1–3): 15–49. Retrieved May 2013
^ Gheerbrant, E.; Sudre, J.; Cappetta, H. A Palaeocene proboscidean from Morocco. Nature. 1996, 383 (6595): 68–71. doi:10.1038/383068a0.
^ Seiffert, Erik R. A new estimate of afrotherian phylogeny based on simultaneous analysis of genomic, morphological, and fossil evidence. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 2007, 7: 224. PMC 2248600 . PMID 17999766. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-224 .
^ ^7.0 ^7.1 Larramendi, A. Shoulder height, body mass and shape of proboscideans (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 2016, 61 [2025-02-01]. doi:10.4202/app.00136.2014 . （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-08-24）.

[1] N. Court. 1995. A new species of Numidotherium (Mammalia, Proboscidea) from the Eocene of Libya and the early phylogeny of the Proboscidea. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 15(3):650-671.

[2] C. Delmer. 2009. Reassessment of the generic attribution of Numidotherium savagei and the homologies of lower incisors in proboscideans. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 54(4):561-580

[GB2002-3] Gheerbrant, E.; Sudre, J.; Cappetta, H.; Iarochène, M.; Amaghzaz, M.; Bouya, B. A new large mammal from the Ypresian of Morocco: Evidence of surprising diversity of early proboscideans (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 2002, 47 (3): 493–506 [2025-02-01]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-01-08）.

[4] Mahboubi, M.; Ameur, R.; Crochet, J.−Y.; Jaeger, J.−J. (1986). "El Kohol (Saharan Atlas, Algeria): A new Eocene mammals locality in North Western Africa". Palaeontographica. 192 (1–3): 15–49. Retrieved May 2013

[Gheerbrant-5] Gheerbrant, E.; Sudre, J.; Cappetta, H. A Palaeocene proboscidean from Morocco. Nature. 1996, 383 (6595): 68–71. doi:10.1038/383068a0.

[6] Seiffert, Erik R. A new estimate of afrotherian phylogeny based on simultaneous analysis of genomic, morphological, and fossil evidence. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 2007, 7: 224. PMC 2248600 . PMID 17999766. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-224 .

[probos_mass-7] 7.0 ^7.1 Larramendi, A. Shoulder height, body mass and shape of proboscideans (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 2016, 61 [2025-02-01]. doi:10.4202/app.00136.2014 . （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-08-24）.

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