三氯合锡(II)酸盐

三氯合锡(II)酸盐
识别
CAS号	15529-74-5
SMILES	[Cl-][Sn+2]([Cl-])[Cl-];
InChI	InChI=1S/3ClH.Sn/h3*1H;/q;;;+2/p-3;
InChIKey	HCWFRUHIOMLJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-K
性质
化学式	SnCl3-
摩尔质量	225.07 g·mol⁻¹
	若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

三氯合锡(II)酸盐是一种无机阴离子，化学式为SnCl−
3，它可由氯化亚锡和氯离子加合得到：

SnCl
2 + Cl−
→ SnCl−
3

它的几何构型与三氯合锗酸根离子及三氯化锑相似。

这个离子能以铯盐或季铵盐等形式分离出来。^[1]化合物K
2SnCl
4 · H₂O是水合的复盐，其阴离子为SnCl−
3和Cl−
。^[2]

它可作为配体，例如[Pt(SnCl
3)
5]³⁻。^[3]

盐类列表


名称	化学式	外观	空间群	参考文献
氯化(三氯合锡(II)酸)钾一水合物	K₂(SnCl₃)Cl·H₂O	无色针状	Pnma	^[4]
氯化(三氯合锡(II)酸)铵一水合物	(NH₄)₂(SnCl₃)Cl·H₂O	无色针状	Pna2₁	^[5]
三氯合锡(II)酸铯	CsSnCl₃	无色针状	P2₁/n	^[6]
三氯合锡(II)酸锶	Sr(SnCl₃)₂		C2/c	^[7]
三氯合锡(II)酸(2-噻吩甲基)铵	(C₅H₈NS)[SnCl₃]	无色棱柱	P1	^[8]
氯([2.2.2]穴醚)合锡(II)三氯合锡(II)酸盐	C₁₈H₃₆Cl₄N₂O₆Sn₂	白色	P2(1)	^[9]
三氯合锡(II)酸[氯(1,2-二(二甲基胂基)苯)合锡(II)]	{SnCl[C₆H₄(As(CH₃)₂)₂]}[SnCl₃]	无色	Pnma	^[10]
(三氯合锡酸根)五氯合铱(III)酸钾	K₃[IrCl₅(SnCl₃)]		Pmn2₁	^[11]
(三氯合锡酸根)五氯合铱(III)酸铵	(NH₄)₃[IrCl₅(SnCl₃)]	片状，红色-绿色（二向色）		^[11]
三氯合锡(II)酸[氯(1,5-环辛二烯)合钯(II)]	[Pd(C₈H₁₂)Cl]SnCl₃	黄色	P2₁/c	^[12]

参考文献

^ Parshall, G. W. Tetraethylammonium Trichlorogermanate(l-) and Trichlorostannate(l-). Inorganic Syntheses. 1974, 15: 222. doi:10.1002/9780470132463.ch48.
^ Greenwood, Norman Neill; Earnshaw, Alan. Chemistry of the elements. 2016: 380. ISBN 978-0-7506-3365-9. OCLC 1040112384 （英语）.
^ Nelson, John H.; Alcock, Nathaniel W. Crystal and Solution Structure of Triphenylmethylphosphonium Pentakis(trichlorostannyl)platinate(II), [Ph₃PCH₃]₃[Pt(SnCl₃)₅]. Inorganic Chemistry. 1982, 21 (3): 1196–1200. doi:10.1021/ic00133a062.
^ Fei Ye; Hans Reuter. Redetermination of dipotassium trichloridostannate(II) chloride monohydrate. Acta Cryst E. 2013. 69 (2): i10. doi:10.1107/S1600536813001372.
^ Philip G. Harrison; Bernard J. Haylett; Trevor J. King (1983). The crystal and molecular structure of Di-ammonium trichlorostannate(II) chloride monohydrate. Structural correlations for chlorotin(II) derivatives. Inorganic Chimica Acta, 75, 265–270. doi:10.1016/s0020-1693(00)91224-6.
^ Poulsen, Finn Reibke; Rasmussen, Svend Erik. Crystal Structure and Phase Transition of Cesium Trichlorostannate(II). Acta Chemica Scandinavica, 1970. 24. 150-156. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.24-0150.
^ H. J. Haupt; et al. Darstellung und Struktur von Strontium-bis[trichlorostannat(II)]-pentahydrat, Sr[SnCl3]2 · 5 H2O. Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie, 1977. 435 (1). 191-196. doi:10.1002/zaac.19774350125.
^ N. Mercier, A. Seyeux, C. Morel and A. Riou. (2-Thienylmethyl)ammonium trichlorostannate(II): a hybrid salt. Acta Cryst. (2002). C58, m127-m128. doi:10.1107/S0108270101020856.
^ Jessica C. Avery; et al. Cationic Cryptand Complexes of Tin(II). Inorg. Chem. 2012, 51, 13, 7306–7316. doi:10.1021/ic3006713.
^ Chitra Gurnani; et al. Tin(ii) fluoridevs.tin(ii) chloride – a comparison of their coordination chemistry with neutral ligands. Dalton Trans., 2013,42, 8364-8374. doi:10.1039/C3DT50743B.
^ ^11.0 ^11.1 Richard K. Coll; Sack E. Fergusson; Bruce R. Penfold; Douglas A. Rankin; Ward T. Robinson (1990). The preparative and structural chemistries of hexahalogeno and trichlorostannato complexes of iridium. Inorganic Chimica Acta, 177 (1), 107–114. doi:10.1016/s0020-1693(00)91918-2.
^ Debjit Das; et al. First example of a heterobimetallic ‘Pd–Sn’ catalyst for direct activation of alcohol: efficient allylation, benzylation and propargylation of arenes, heteroarenes, active methylenes and allyl-Si nucleophiles. Org. Biomol. Chem., 2012,10, 4537-4542. doi:10.1039/C2OB25275A.

[1] Parshall, G. W. Tetraethylammonium Trichlorogermanate(l-) and Trichlorostannate(l-). Inorganic Syntheses. 1974, 15: 222. doi:10.1002/9780470132463.ch48.

[2] Greenwood, Norman Neill; Earnshaw, Alan. Chemistry of the elements. 2016: 380. ISBN 978-0-7506-3365-9. OCLC 1040112384 （英语）.

[3] Nelson, John H.; Alcock, Nathaniel W. Crystal and Solution Structure of Triphenylmethylphosphonium Pentakis(trichlorostannyl)platinate(II), [Ph₃PCH₃]₃[Pt(SnCl₃)₅]. Inorganic Chemistry. 1982, 21 (3): 1196–1200. doi:10.1021/ic00133a062.

[4] Fei Ye; Hans Reuter. Redetermination of dipotassium trichloridostannate(II) chloride monohydrate. Acta Cryst E. 2013. 69 (2): i10. doi:10.1107/S1600536813001372.

[5] Philip G. Harrison; Bernard J. Haylett; Trevor J. King (1983). The crystal and molecular structure of Di-ammonium trichlorostannate(II) chloride monohydrate. Structural correlations for chlorotin(II) derivatives. Inorganic Chimica Acta, 75, 265–270. doi:10.1016/s0020-1693(00)91224-6.

[6] Poulsen, Finn Reibke; Rasmussen, Svend Erik. Crystal Structure and Phase Transition of Cesium Trichlorostannate(II). Acta Chemica Scandinavica, 1970. 24. 150-156. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.24-0150.

[7] H. J. Haupt; et al. Darstellung und Struktur von Strontium-bis[trichlorostannat(II)]-pentahydrat, Sr[SnCl3]2 · 5 H2O. Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie, 1977. 435 (1). 191-196. doi:10.1002/zaac.19774350125.

[8] N. Mercier, A. Seyeux, C. Morel and A. Riou. (2-Thienylmethyl)ammonium trichlorostannate(II): a hybrid salt. Acta Cryst. (2002). C58, m127-m128. doi:10.1107/S0108270101020856.

[9] Jessica C. Avery; et al. Cationic Cryptand Complexes of Tin(II). Inorg. Chem. 2012, 51, 13, 7306–7316. doi:10.1021/ic3006713.

[10] Chitra Gurnani; et al. Tin(ii) fluoridevs.tin(ii) chloride – a comparison of their coordination chemistry with neutral ligands. Dalton Trans., 2013,42, 8364-8374. doi:10.1039/C3DT50743B.

[Richard-11] 11.0 ^11.1 Richard K. Coll; Sack E. Fergusson; Bruce R. Penfold; Douglas A. Rankin; Ward T. Robinson (1990). The preparative and structural chemistries of hexahalogeno and trichlorostannato complexes of iridium. Inorganic Chimica Acta, 177 (1), 107–114. doi:10.1016/s0020-1693(00)91918-2.

[12] Debjit Das; et al. First example of a heterobimetallic ‘Pd–Sn’ catalyst for direct activation of alcohol: efficient allylation, benzylation and propargylation of arenes, heteroarenes, active methylenes and allyl-Si nucleophiles. Org. Biomol. Chem., 2012,10, 4537-4542. doi:10.1039/C2OB25275A.

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