花蝇科
花蠅科![]() | |
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Root-maggot fly Hydrophoria linogrisea | |
科学分类 ![]() | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 节肢动物门 Arthropoda |
纲: | 昆虫纲 Insecta |
(未分级): | 吸吻类 Antliophora |
目: | 雙翅目 Diptera |
亚目: | 短角亚目 Brachycera |
下目: | 家蝇下目 Muscomorpha |
总科: | 家蠅總科 Muscoidea |
科: | 花蠅科 Anthomyiidae Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830[1] |
亚科 | |


花蠅科(學名:Anthomyiidae)是雙翅目短角亞目的成員,是家蠅總科之下的一個龐大而且高度多樣性的科級分類單元。在全世界範圍內,已知這一群體中約有1200種,其中約有220種在中歐。大多数物種的形態像體型小的家蝇。呈暗灰色至黑色,但许多泉蝇属的物種呈黄色,而一些花蝇属和叉泉蝇属的物種则带有黑白兩色,又或帶黑色跟银灰色的图案。除了少数群体(例如海滩上显眼的海藻蠅)外,大多数都很难辨认。
本科的學名源自於花蠅屬,而花蠅屬的學名則源於希臘語的anthos(花朵)和myia(蒼蠅)。顧名思義,這些物種經常出現在花朵上,以花蜜和花粉為食。
有些物种其幼虫存在于各种植物的茎和根中。作为幼虫,有些还以腐烂的植物为食。众所周知的灰色海花蝇属(Fucellia)物種就是例子[2]。其他一些则是鸟巢等处的食腐动物;还有一些物种是潛葉蟲;该科还包括寄居的、偏利共生的和寄生的幼虫。
该科中的一些物种是严重的农业害虫[3],尤其是地种蝇属的一些物种,包括葱地种蝇(D. antiqua)、麦地种蝇(D. coarctata)、蘿蔔地種蠅(D. floralis)、灰地種蠅(D. platura)和甘藍地種蠅(D. radicum)。
In some contexts, like mountain environments, the adults can be common flower visitors,[4] also being involved in pollination.[5]。
形態描述
[编辑]科學分類
[编辑]- 花蝇科 Anthomyiidae
- 花蝇亚科 Anthomyiinae
- 花蝇族 Anthomyiini
Hylemya nigrimana - 花蝇属 Anthomyia Meigen, 1803
- 植种蝇属 Botanophila Lioy, 1864
- Genus Chiastocheta Pokorny, 1889
- 海花蝇属 Fucellia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1842
- 种蝇属 Hylemya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830[1]
- Genus Hylemyza Schnabl & Dziedzicki, 1911
- 蕨蠅族 Chirosiini
- 隰蝇族 Hydrophoriini[6]
- Acridomyia Stackelberg, 1929
- 粪种蝇属 Adia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830[1]
- 北草种蝇属 Boreophorbia Michelsen, 1987
- Coenosopsia Malloch, 1924
- 地种蝇属 Delia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830[1]
- 莠蝇属 Eustalomyia Kowarz, 1873
- 菊种蝇属 Heterostylodes Hennig, 1967
- 隰蝇属 Hydrophoria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830[1]
- 植蝇属 Leucophora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830[1]
- 邻种蝇属 Paregle Schnabl, 1911
- 草种蝇属 Phorbia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830[1]
- 次种蝇属 Subhylemyia Ringdahl, 1933
- 鞭隰蝇属 Zaphne Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830[1]
- 花蝇族 Anthomyiini
- 泉蝇亚科 Pegomyinae
- 泉蝇族 Pegomyini
- 毛眼花蝇属 Alliopsis Schnabl & Dziedzicki, 1911
- Genus Emmesomyia Malloch, 1917
- 叉泉蝇属 Eutrichota Kowarz, 1893
- Genus Mycophaga Rondani, 1856
- Genus Paradelia Ringdahl, 1933
- Genus Parapegomyia Griffiths, 1984
- 泉蝇属 Pegomya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830[1]
- Tribe Myopinini
- 泉蝇族 Pegomyini
- 花蝇亚科 Anthomyiinae
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參見
[编辑]參考文獻
[编辑]- ^ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 Robineau-Desvoidy, André Jean Baptiste. Essai sur les myodaires. Mémoires presentés à l'Institut des Sciences, Lettres et Arts, par divers savants et lus dans ses assemblées: Sciences, Mathématiques et Physique. 1830, 2 (2): 1–813 [15 July 2018].
- ^ Alan Weaving; Mike Picker; Griffiths, Charles Llewellyn. Field Guide to Insects of South Africa. New Holland Publishers, Ltd. 2003. ISBN 1-86872-713-0 (英语).
- ^ Finch, Stan. Ecological Considerations in the Management of Delia Pest Species in Vegetable Crops
. Annual Review of Entomology. 1989, 34: 117–137. doi:10.1146/annurev.en.34.010189.001001 (英语).
- ^ Bonelli, Marco; Eustacchio, Elena; Avesani, Daniele; Michelsen, Verner; Falaschi, Mattia; Caccianiga, Marco; Gobbi, Mauro; Casartelli, Morena. The Early Season Community of Flower-Visiting Arthropods in a High-Altitude Alpine Environment. Insects. 2022, 13 (4): 393. PMC 9032982
. PMID 35447835. doi:10.3390/insects13040393
.
- ^ Wagner, Johanna; Lechleitner, Martin; Hosp, Daniela. Pollen limitation is not the rule in nival plants: A study from the European Central Alps. American Journal of Botany. 2016, 103 (3): 375–387. PMID 26933013. doi:10.3732/ajb.1500214
.
- ^ Hydrophoriini. BOLD Systems. [2022-06-30].
Wyman, J. A., Libby, J. L., & Chapman, R. K. (1977). Cabbage Maggot Management Aided by Predictions of Adult Emergence12. Journal of Economic Entomology., 70(3), 327–331. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/70.3.327
GRISALES, D., LOPES, A. C., & DE CARVALHO, C. J. B. (2016). FAMILY ANTHOMYIIDAE. Zootaxa, 4122(1), 803–806. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4122.1.68
Lasa, R., Córdova-García, G., Navarro-de-la-Fuente, L., & Williams, T. (2024). Sticky traps and water pan traps to monitor Delia planipalpis (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), an emerging pest of broccoli in Mexico. Crop Protection, 176, 106495-. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2023.106495
延伸阅读
[编辑]- Genera - Suwa, M., & B. Darvas, 1998. Family Anthomyiidae. In: Contributions to a manual of Palaearctic Diptera Volume 3 (L. Papp & B. Darvas, eds.): 571–616. Science Herald, Budapest.
- Species - Hennig, W., 1966–1976. 63a. Anthomyiidae. In: Die Fliegen der paläarktischen Region 7(1) (Erwin Lindner, ed.): 1–974, pl. 1-78. E. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart.
物種辨識
[编辑]- Ackland, D. M. 2001. Revision of afrotropical Anthomyia Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), with descriptions of ten new species. African Invertebrates 42: 1-94. [1]
- Ackland, D. M. 2008. Revision of Afrotropical Delia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), with descriptions of six new species. African Invertebrates 49 (1): 1-75. [2]
- K. Yu. Elberg Family Anthomyiidae in Bei-Bienko, G. Ya, 1988 Keys to the insects of the European Part of the USSR Volume 5 (Diptera) Part 2 English edition
- Emden, F. I. Van (1941): Keys to the Muscidae of the Ethiopian Region :Scatophaginae, Anthomyiinae, Lispinae, Fanniinae. Bull. Ent.Res., 1941–1942, 32: 251–275. Keys to Afrotropical genera and species. See Pont & Ackland in Crosskey, R. W. et al. 1980 for updated classification and nomenclature.
- Hennig, W., 1966–1976. 63a. Anthomyiidae. In: Die Fliegen der paläarktischen Region 7(1) (Erwin Lindner, ed.): 1–974, pl. 1-78. E. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart. Monograph of Palaearctic species.
- Huckett, H. C. (1965): The Muscidae of Northern Canada, Alaska and Greenland (Diptera). Mem. Ent. Soc. Canada, 42: 1–369. Keys, illustrations.
- Huckett H. C. (1971): The Anthomyiidae of California exclusive of. the subfamily Scatophaginae (Diptera). Bull. Calif. Insect Survey. 12: 1–121. Illustrated Keys. South Nearctic and North Neotropical.
- Pont, A.C., 1972, Family Muscidae. In: A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States, 97, 111 p. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo.
- Suwa, M. (1974): Anthomyiidae of Japan (Diptera). Insecta Matsumurana New Series 4 : 1–247. Comprehensive revision. Excellent illustrations.
- Suwa, M., & B. Darvas (1998): Family Anthomyiidae. In: Contributions to a manual of Palaearctic Diptera Volume 3 (L. Papp & B. Darvas, eds.): 571–616. Science Herald, Budapest.
物種列表
[编辑]- Palaearctic
- Nearctic 互联网档案馆的存檔,存档日期2021-02-24.
- Australasian/Oceanian
- Japan
外部链接
[编辑]維基物種上的相關信息:花蝇科
- Family description and image
- Family ANTHOMYIIDAE at the Hawaii Biological Survey
- Leafmines of Anthomyiidae
- Anthomyiid Pack
- Diptera.info Gallery
- Anthomyiidae at Bug Guide
- Family Anthomyiidae at EOL images
- Morphology of important Central Europe species pdf